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2021年12月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試真題答案匯總

　　（一）都江堰(Dujiangyan)坐落在成都平原西部的岷江上，距成都市約50公里，始建于與公元前三世紀(jì)。它的獨(dú)特之處在于無(wú)需用堤壩調(diào)控水流。2000多年來(lái)，都江堰一直有效地發(fā)揮著防洪與灌溉作用，使成都平原成為旱澇保收的沃土和中國(guó)最重要的糧食產(chǎn)地之一，都江堰工程體現(xiàn)了我國(guó)人民與自然和諧共存的智慧，是全世界年代最久、仍在使用、無(wú)壩控水的水利工程。

　　Dujiangyan, located on the Minjiang River in the west of Chengdu Plain, about 50km away from Chengdu City, was built in the third century BC. Its uniqueness is that it does not need dikes to regulate water flow. For more than 2000 years, it has been playing an effective role in flood control and irrigation, making Chengdu Plain a fertile land free from drought and flood and one of the most important grain producing areas in China. As the oldest water conservancy project in the world which is still in use and has no dike to control water, the Dujiangyan engineering reflects the wisdom of harmonious coexistence between Chinese people and nature.

　�。ǘ�）大運(yùn)河( Grand Canal) 是世界上最長(zhǎng)的人工河,北起北京,南至杭州。它是中國(guó)歷史上最宏偉的工程之一。大運(yùn)河始建于公元前4世紀(jì),公元13世紀(jì)末建成。修建之初是為了運(yùn)輸糧食,后來(lái)也用于運(yùn)輸其他商品。大運(yùn)河沿線區(qū)域逐漸發(fā)展成為中國(guó)的工商業(yè)中心。長(zhǎng)久以來(lái),大運(yùn)河對(duì)中國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展發(fā)揮了重要作用,有力地促進(jìn)了南北地區(qū)之間的人員往來(lái)和文化交流。

　　The Grand Canal, extending from Beijing in the North to Hangzhou in the South, is the longest man-made river. Its construction was one of the most magnificent projects throughout the Chinese history. The construction of the canal started in the 4th century BC and was completed in the 13th century, with an original aim of facilitating grain transportation. Later, it was also for transporting other commodities. Over time, the areas along the course of the canal have developed into the industrial and commercial centres of China. For a long time, the canal has served a pivotal role in the booming of Chinese economy, enhancing the personnel exchange and cultural communication between northern and southern parts of the country.

　�。ㄈ�）坎兒井(Karez)是新疆干旱地區(qū)的一種水利系統(tǒng)，由地下渠道將水井連接而成。該系統(tǒng)將春夏季節(jié)滲入(seep into)地下的大量雨水及積雪融水收集起來(lái)，通過(guò)山體的自然坡度引到地面，用于灌溉農(nóng)田和滿足人們的日常用水需求�？矁壕疁p少了水在地面的蒸發(fā)(evaporation)，對(duì)地表破壞很小，因而有效地保護(hù)了自然資源與生態(tài)環(huán)境。坎兒井體現(xiàn)了我國(guó)人民與自然和諧共存的智慧，是對(duì)人類文明的一大貢獻(xiàn)。

　　Karez is a water conservancy system found in the dry region of Xinjiang, in which underground channels join wells to-gether. The system collects a large amount of rainwater and melted snow water that seep underground, and drains the water to the ground by the natural mountain slope for the irrigation of fields and the daily use. Karez reduces the evap-oration on the ground and does little harm to the surface, thus protecting natural resources and the ecological envi-ronment effectively. The system embodies the Chinese wisdom that people and nature co-exist in harmony, and is well recognized as a major contribution to the human civili-zation.

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