Section B

　　Directions: There are 2 passages in this Section. Each is followedby some questions or unfinished statements. For　each of them there are four choices marked A), B),C) and D) . You should decide on the best choice and mark　the Corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single linethrough the centre.

　　Passage One

　　Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.

　　Educators today are more and more often heard to say that computerliteracy is absolutely necessary for　college students. Many even argue that eachincoming freshman should have permanent access to his or her own　microcomputer. What advantages do computers offer the collegestudents?

　　Any student who has used a word processor will know one compellingreason to use a computer: to write　papers. Although not all students feelcomfortable composing on a word processor, most find revising and editing　much easier on it. One can alter, insert, or delete just by pressinga few keys, thus eliminating the need to rewrite or　re-type.Furthermore, since the revision process is less burdensome, students are morelikely to revise as Often as is　necessary to end upwith the best paper possible. For these reasons, many freshman English coursesrequire the use

　　of a word processor.

　　Computers are also useful in the context of language courses,where they are used to drill students in basic　skills. Software programs reinforce ESL(Englishas a Second Language ) instruction, as well as instruction in　French, German, Spanish, and other languages. By using theseprograms on a regular basis, students can improve

　　their proficiency in a language while proceeding at their ownpace.

　　Science students take advantage of computers in many ways. Usingcomputer graphic capabilities, for　example, botany students can represent andanalyze different plant growth patterns. Medical students can learn to　interpret computerized images of internal body structures. Physicsstudents can complete complex calculations far

　　more quickly than they could without the use of computer.

　　Similarly, business and accounting students find that computerspreadsheet programs are all but indispensable to　many aspects of their work, while studentspursuing careers in graphic arts, marketing, and public relations find that　knowledge of computer graphic is important. Education majors learnto develop grading systems using computers,while social science students usecomputers for analyzing and graphically displacing their research results.

　　It is no wonder, then, that educators support the purchase and useof microcomputers by students. A versatile toot, the computer can help studentslearn. And that is, after all, the reason for going to college.

　　57. The word "literacy" (Line 1, Paragraph 1)means__________.

　　A) the ability to read and write

　　B) the ability to use

　　C) literature

　　D) the knowledge of language

　　58. The main purpose of this passage is to__________.

　　A) persuade the educators to increase computer use in their ownclassroom

　　B) analyze advantages and disadvantages of computer use amongcollege students

　　C) identify some of the ways that computers benefit collegestudents

　　D) describe how computers can be used to teach foreign languages

　　59. According to the author, a word processor can be usedto__________.

　　A) revise papers

　　B) retype papers

　　C) reduce the psychological burden of writing papers

　　B) retype papers

　　D) improve the writing skills of a student

　　60. In this passage, the writer's argument is developed primarilythrough the use of __________.

　　A) cause-effect analysis

　　B) comparison and contrast

　　C) induction

　　D) examples

　　61. According to the author, the reason for students to go tocollege is__________.

　　A) to learn something

　　B) to perfect themselves

　　C) to improve computer skills

　　D) to make the best use of computers

　　Passage Two

　　Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.

　　Language is, and should be, a living thing, constantly enrichedwith new words and forms of expression. But there is a vital distinctionbetween good developments, which add to the language, enabling us to say thingswe could not say before, and bad developments, which subtract from the languageby rendering it less precise. A vivacious, colorful use of words is not to beconfused with mere slovenliness. The kind of slovenliness in which someprofessionals deliberately indulge is perhaps akin to the cult(迷信)of the unfinished work, whichhas eroded most of the arts in our time. And the true answer to it is the samethat art is enhanced, not hindered, by discipline. You cannot carvesatisfactorily in butter.The corruption of written English has been accompanied by an evensharper decline in the standard of spoken English. We speak very much less wellthan was common among educated Englishmen a generation or two ago.

　　The modern theatre has played a baneful (有害的)part in dimming ourappreciation of language. Instead of the immensely articulate dialogue of, forexample, Shaw (who was also very insistent on good pronunciation), audiencesare now subjected to streams of barely literate trivia, often designed, onlytoo well, to exhibit 'lack of communication', and larded(夾雜)with the obscenities(下流的話)and grammaticalerrors of the intellectually impoverished. Emily Post once advised her readers:"The theatre is the best possible place to hear correctly-enunciatedspeech. " Alas, no more. One young actress was recently reported to betaking lessons in how to speak

　　badly, so that she should fit in better.

　　But the BBC is the worst traitor. After years of very successfullyhelping to raise the general standard of spoken English, it suddenly went intoreverse. As the head of the Pronunciation Unit coyly(含蓄地)put it, "In the 1960s the BBCopened the field to a much wider range of speakers." To hear a BBC discjockey talking to the latest ape-like pop idol is a truly shocking experienceof verbal squalor. And the prospect seems to be of even worse to come. Schoolteachers are actively encouraged to ignore little Johnny's incoherent grammar,atrocious spelling and haphazard punctuation, because worrying about suchthings might inhibit his creative genius.

　　62. The writer relates linguistic slovenliness to tendencies inthe arts today in that they both __________.

　　A) occasionally aim at a certain fluidity

　　B) appear to shun perfection

　　C) from time to time show regard for the finishing touch

　　D) make use of economical short cuts

　　63. "Art is enhanced, not hindered, by discipline" (Line6, Paragraph 1) means __________.

　　A) an artist's work will be finer if he observes certain aestheticstandards

　　B) an unfinished work is bound to be comparatively inferior

　　C) the skill of certain artists conceals their slovenliness

　　D) artistic expression is inhibited by too many rules

　　64. Many modem plays, the author finds, frequently contain speechwhich

　　A) is incoherent and linguistically objectionable

　　B) is far too ungrammatical for most people to follow

　　C) unintentionally shocks the audience

　　D) tries to hide the author's intellectual inadequacies

　　65. The author says that the standard of the spoken English ofBBC__________.

　　A) is the worst among all broadcasting networks

　　B) has raised English-speaking up to a new level

　　C) has taken a turn for the worse since the 1960s

　　D) is terrible because of a few popular disc jockeys

　　66. Teachers are likely to overlook the linguistic lapses in theirpupils since __________.

　　A) they find that children no longer respond to this kind ofdiscipline nowadays

　　B) they fear the children may become less coherent

　　C) more importance is now attached to oral expression

　　D) the children may be discouraged from expressing their ideas

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