Part Ⅳ

　　Error Correction (15 minutes)

　　Directions:This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word, add a word or delete a word. Mark out the mistakes and put the corrections in the blanks provided. If you change a word, cross it out and write the correct word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word, put an insertion mark (∧) in the right place and write the missing word in the blank. If you delete a word, cross it out and put a slash (/) in the blank.��

　　Example:

　　Television is rapidly becoming the literatures of our periods.Many of

　　1.time��

　　the arguments having used for the study of literature as a school subject

　　2.��

　　are valid for ∧ study of television. 3.the

　　Poverty exists because our society is an unequal one, and there are powerful

　　political pressures to keep it that way. Any attempt to redistributing wealth and in�� 71.____

　　come in the United States will inevitably be opposed by powerful middle and upper

　　class interests. People can be relatively rich only if you are relatively poor, and as 72.____

　　power is mainly in the hands of the rich, public policies reflect their interests than 73.____

　　those of the poor.

　　As Mr. Herbert Gans has pointed out, poverty is actually functional from the

　　point of view of the non�瞤oor. Poverty ensures that dirty work gets doing. If there 74.____

　　were no poor poeple to scrub floors and empty bedpans, there jobs will have to be 75.____

　　rewarded with high incomes before anyone would touch them. Poverty creates jobs

　　for many of the non�瞤oor, such as police officers, welfare workers, and government

　　bureaucrats. Poverty makes life easier for the rich by providing them with cookers, 76.____

　　gardeners, and other workers to perform basic chores when their employers enjoy 77.____

　　more pleasurable activities. Poverty provides a market for more inferior goods and 78.____

　　service, such as day�瞣ld bread, run�瞕own automobiles, or the advice of competent 79.____

　　physicians and lawyers. Poverty also provides a group that can be made to absorb

　　the costs of change. It is just that poverty is an inevitable outcome of the American

　　economic system, in which the poor are politically powerless to influence or change. 80.____

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