上海新東方學校四六級考研閱讀主講教師 樂柯健 趙胤

根據全國大學英語四、六級考試改革方案（試行），全國大學英語四、六級考試改革項目組和考試委員會設計了四級考試新題型測試卷，并于近日公布。在樣卷中，仔細閱讀部分（Reading in Depth）占整張試卷分值的25%。考試題型又分為兩種：A) 選擇題型的篇章閱讀理解；B) 篇章層次的詞匯理解 (Banked Cloze) 或短句問答 (Short Answer Question)。筆者仔細研究了樣題，并根據多年閱讀的教學經驗，以下就仔細閱讀部分進行一個詳細地分析。

第一部分篇章層次的詞匯理解 （Banked Cloze）

這是一種新題型，對于眾多考生而言，似曾相識，與傳統考題的cloze有一定程度的類似。此次試點卷中，Banked Cloze文章長度245個單詞，近乎于一篇傳統閱讀文章的長度。其間除去10個單詞，后面有A到O，十五個單詞選項，要求考生選擇正確的單詞填入文章。首先考察的無疑是學生對于每個待選詞的微觀了解，主要包含單詞的中文釋義以及更為重要的詞性問題。同時兼顧文章的宏觀結構，實際語境，包括邏輯性、連貫性以及部分句子結構語法要求的考察。就難度本身而言，并沒有超越之前公布的樣卷。

與原本的詞匯題相比較，對于單詞本身的考核要求相對較低，文篇的理解也是最終獲得正確答案必不可少的步驟。

樣題解析

El Nino is the name given to the mysterious and often unpredictable change in the climate of the world. This strange 47 happens every five to eight years. It starts in the Pacific Ocean and is thought to be caused by a failure in the trade winds(信風), which affects the ocean currents driven by these winds. As the trade winds lessen in 48 , the ocean temperatures rise, causing the Peru current flowing in from the east to warm up by as much as 5 °C.

The warming of the ocean has far-reaching effects. The hot, humid (潮濕的) air over the ocean causes severe 49 thunderstorms. The rainfall is increased across South America, 50 floods to Peru. In the West Pacific, there are droughts affecting Australia and Indonesia. So while some parts of the world prepare for heavy rains and floods, other parts face drought, poor crops and 51.

El Nino usually lasts for about 18 months. The 1981-83 El Nino brought the most 52 weather in modern history. Its effect was worldwide and it left more than 2,000 people dead and caused over eight billion pounds 53 of damage. The 1990 El Nino lasted until June 1995. Scientists 54 this to be the longest El Nino for 2,000 years.

Nowadays, weather experts are able to forecast when an El Nino will 55 , but they are still not 56 sure what leads to it or what affects how strong it will be.

A) estimate

B) strength

C) deliberately

D) notify

E) tropical

F) phenomenon

G) stable

H) attraction

I) completely

J) destructive

K) starvation

L) bringing

M) exhaustion

N) worth

O) strike

然后把選項進行歸類，其中名詞有B,F,H,K,M，動詞包含A,D,O,L 其中只有L為現在分詞形式，其余皆為動詞原型；形容詞包括E, G, J,N,另外還有C,I 兩個副詞。可簡單做標示。