It is announced that……. 據(jù)宣布

　　it is (well) known that……. 眾所周知

　　It has been decided that……. 已經(jīng)決定

　　It is supposed that……. 人們認(rèn)為

　　It is suggested that……. 有人建議

　　It must be remembered that……. 務(wù)必記住

　　It is taken for granted that……. 被視為當(dāng)然

　　(五)主動句變被動句的注意事項

　　一是時態(tài)不能改變;二是變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)后，謂語動詞要和被動語態(tài)的主語在人稱、數(shù)上保持一致。還要作如下變動：把主動語態(tài)的賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的主語;主動語態(tài)的主語放在by的后面，組成介詞短語，再把這個介詞短語放在被動語態(tài)的謂語動詞之后。在動作的執(zhí)行者無須說明或不必要強調(diào)時，by短語可以省略。例如：

　　They will open a new supermarket there soon. 他們很快將在那里開辦個新超市。

　　A new supermarket will be opened there soon. 一個新超市不久將在那里開辦。

　　The doctor gave two lectures in English. 那位醫(yī)生用英語講了兩次課。

　　Two lectures were given by the doctor in English. 由那位醫(yī)生用英語講了兩次課。

　　Somebody has warned us to be careful of rats. 有人警告我們要當(dāng)心老鼠。

　　We have been warned to be careful of rats. 我們受到警告，要當(dāng)心老鼠。

　　如果主動語態(tài)有兩個賓語(直接賓語和間接賓語)，變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，可將其中任何一個賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，另一個不變。但較常見的是將間接賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的主語。

　　The reporters asked the president some questions. 記者們問了總統(tǒng)一些問題。

　　The president was asked some questions by the reporters. ( 變間接賓語為主語)

　　Some questions were asked the president by the reporters. (變直接賓語為主語)

　　We have given him a job. 我們已給了他一個工作。

　　He has been given a job. (變間接賓語為主語)

　　A job has been given (to) him. (變直接賓語為主語)

　　(六)含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)

　　句中含有情態(tài)動詞時，其被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)是：情態(tài)動詞+be+過去分詞：

　　The timetable can be changed any time. 時間表隨時可以改變。

　　This book may not be taken out of the reading room. 這本書不允許帶出閱覽室。

　　This dictionary must be taken good care of. 這本詞典必須保管好。

　　(七)不能用于被動語態(tài)的動詞

　　1、不及物動詞不能用于被動語態(tài)，因為它們沒有賓語。

　　2、表示狀態(tài)而不是動作的及物動詞，如 break out, belong to, cost, deserve, fit, have ( 有、使)，hold (盛下、裝下)，lack, resemble, suit, take part in, take place, want, wish等動詞不能變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)。例如：

　　Everybody wanted Doris to be the manager. 大家都想讓多里斯來當(dāng)經(jīng)理.

　　We like everybody to say what they think. 我們喜歡讓人人都說出他們的看法。

　　Do you wish me to stay? 你希望我留下嗎?

　　Will you help me (to) do the work? 你可以幫助我做干活嗎?

　　The war broke out in 1937. 戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)在1937年。

　　This car belongs to me. 這車是屬于我的。

　　He has a good job. 他有個好工作。(不說A good job is had by him.)

　　They have a large house. 他們有所大房子。

　　I’ll have him come early. 我要讓他早來。