文化書(shū)籍

　　常見(jiàn)篇章結(jié)構(gòu):

　　《XX》是……時(shí)期由……編寫。本書(shū)一共 包括……，主要講述了……。它體現(xiàn)了… …，是一部……文學(xué)巨著。

　　萬(wàn)能模板：

　　"___________" is written in the___________ period by___________.The book includes a total of ____________, mainly about the ___________.It reflects the ____________, ___________ is a literary masterpiece.

　　比如：《紅樓夢(mèng)》寫于18世紀(jì)，是中國(guó)著名的古典小說(shuō)。 Written in the 18th century, A Dream of Red Mansions is a famous classical novel.

　　模擬考題：

　　1、《紅樓夢(mèng)》

　　《紅樓夢(mèng)》(A Dream of Red Mansions)是曹雪芹在18世紀(jì)中期的作品。它不僅是一部中國(guó)小說(shuō)的巨作，同時(shí)也是世界文學(xué)的瑰寶。曹雪芹出生于一個(gè)由極富沒(méi)落到極貧的貴族權(quán)勢(shì)家族�；�于他對(duì)生活的理解、進(jìn)步的思想、認(rèn)真的寫作態(tài)度和高超的寫作技能，他才能創(chuàng)作出《紅樓夢(mèng)》。 這本書(shū)描述了一個(gè)封建大家庭的生活及其沒(méi)落，小說(shuō)中所寫的家庭既是現(xiàn)實(shí)的反映，又是曹雪芹自己家庭的小說(shuō)化或者"夢(mèng)"般的寫照。

　　參考譯文：

　　A Dream of Red Mansions was written by Cao Xueqin in the middle of the 18th century. It is not only a great Chinese novel but also a gem of world literature. Cao Xueqin was born into a noble and powerful family which declined from extreme prosperity to poverty. Based on his own understanding of life, his progressive ideas, serious writing attitude and excellent writing skill, he was able to create A Dream of Red Mansions. The book describes the life and declining fortunes of a large feudal family, which is both a realistic flection and a fictional or "dream" version of Cao's own family.

　　2、 四書(shū)五經(jīng)

　　四書(shū)五經(jīng)是中國(guó)儒家的經(jīng)典書(shū)籍，是儒家思想的核心載體，體現(xiàn)了儒家思想的核心價(jià)值和 想體系。

　�、偎臅�(shū)包括《大 學(xué)》、《中庸》、《論語(yǔ)》、《孟子》。 明清時(shí)期，四書(shū)成為科舉考試的核心科 目。

　�、谖褰�(jīng)是儒家作為研究基礎(chǔ)的五本古代經(jīng)典書(shū)籍的合稱，包括《詩(shī)》、《書(shū)》、《禮》、《易》 和《春秋》。

　　③西漢時(shí)期，儒被國(guó)教化，五經(jīng)也因此變得更加重要，明清時(shí)期被用作科舉考試的教科書(shū)。四書(shū)五經(jīng)是中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化的重要組成部分，更是中國(guó)歷史文化古籍中的寶典。它在世界文化史、思想史上也具有極高的地位。

　　參考譯文：

　　The Four Books and the Five Classics are the classic books and the main carriers of Confucianism, illustrating the core value and ideological systems of Confucianism. The Four Books include The Great Learning, The Doctrine of the Mean, The Analects of Confucius, and Mencius. They were, in the Ming and Qing dynasties, made the core of the official curriculum for the imperial civil examinations. The Five Classics is a collective name given to five ancient classics which were used by Confucianism as its basis of study, namely The Book of Songs, The Book of History, The Book of Rites, The Book of Changes, and The Spring and Autumn Annals. During the Western Han Dynasty, Confucianism was adopted as the state ideology, making the Five Classics even more important. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the Five Classics were used as textbooks for the imperial civil examinations. The Four Books and the Five Classics are not only an integral part of traditional Chinese culture but also treasured books of Chinese historical and cultural classics. They also rank very high in the cultural and intellectual history of the world.

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