第一講：4種形式考查對主旨大意的把握

　　2 文章的標題

　　解題技巧：

　　標題能直接反映主題。選擇文章標題就是對文章主題的判斷。需要注意的是，文章的主題常常是以句子的形式表達出來的，而標題則常常以名詞詞組的形式來表達。選擇標題的過程一半是這樣的：充分理解原文，找出文章主題句或歸納文章主旨，然后以名詞詞組的形式表達出來。

　　Americans are proud of their variety and individuality, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform, whether it is the uniform of an elevator operator or the uniform of a five-star general. Why are uniforms so popular in the United States?

　　Among the agruments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more professional than civilian(百姓的) Clothes. People have been come conditioned to expect superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. The television repairman who wears a uniform tends to inspire more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the skill of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. What easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to lose professional identity than to step out of uniform?

　　Uniforms also have many practical benefits. They save on other clothes. They save on laundry bills. They are tax-deductible(可減稅的). They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes.

　　Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of individuality experienced by people who must wear them. Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without change, until retiremen. When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act similarly, on the job at least. Uniforms also give rise to some practical problems. Though they are long-lasting, often their initial expense is greater than the cost of civilian clothes. Some uniforms are also give rise to some practical problems. Though they are long-lasting, often their initial expense is greater than the cost of civilian clothes. Some uniforms are also expensive to maintain, requiring professional dry cleaning rather than the home laundering possible with many types of civilian clothes.

　　Q: The best title for this passage would be ____________.

　　A. Uniforms and Society

　　B. The Importance of Wearing a Uniform

　　C. Practical Benefits of Wearing a Uniform

　　D. Advantages and Disadvantages of Uniforms.

　　【解析】選D。本文分三部分。第一段提出話題：uniform。以下四段中，每一段的第一句都是該段的主題句。第2、3段是說制服的好處，最后兩段是說制服的缺點。理解了全文的結構和各段的內容后，可知文章的主題是：制服有優點也有缺點。所以選D

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