第三部分 簡答題評述

　　根據(jù)“通知”要求，簡答安排在“閱讀理解”部分之后。如1997年1月的大學(xué)英語考試中“簡答題”與“寫作”被安排在試卷二部分。

　　一、簡答題評分原則及標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

　　1.評分原則 ��

　　簡答題要求考生在讀懂文章的基礎(chǔ)上，用正確簡潔的語言回答問題。在評分時應(yīng)同時考慮內(nèi)容和語言。每題滿分為2分，最低為0分。��

　　2.給分標(biāo)準(zhǔn) ��

　　2分——答出全部內(nèi)容，語言正確;��

　　1分——答出部分內(nèi)容，語言正確;��

　　0分——沒有答對問題。��

　　3.扣分標(biāo)準(zhǔn) ��

　　(1) 語言有錯誤扣0.5分(不包括引起歧義的，可以辨識的拼寫錯誤)，每題由于語言錯誤扣分不能超過0.5分;��

　　(2) 涉及無關(guān)內(nèi)容者扣0.5分;其答案中有相互矛盾的內(nèi)容，則內(nèi)容矛盾的部分均不得分;(3) 整句原封不動照搬應(yīng)扣分;照搬一句扣0.5分;照搬兩句及兩句以上者扣2分;��

　　(4) 考生所給答案超過10個單詞扣0.5分。

　　二、答題中常見的語言錯誤

　　因簡答題測試的是學(xué)生閱讀理解和語言表達能力，從評分原則及評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，學(xué)生的錯誤存在于語言和內(nèi)容兩方面。在語言方面，錯誤之處主要表現(xiàn)為：��

　　(1) 主謂不一致;��

　　(2) 時態(tài)不對應(yīng);��

　　(3) 連詞或起連接作用的副詞或短語使用不當(dāng);��

　　(4) 介詞使用不當(dāng);��

　　(5) 代詞、冠詞及其它的限定詞使用不當(dāng);��

　　(6) 動名詞、分詞及動詞不定式使用不當(dāng);��

　　(7) 虛擬語氣使用不正確;��

　　(8) 否定形式使用不正確;��

　　(9) 搭配不當(dāng);��(10) 強調(diào)、倒裝、省略等句型使用不當(dāng);��

　　(11) 邏輯關(guān)系混亂。��

　　三、簡答題樣題評析 ��

　　Short Answer Questions ��

　　(15 minutes)��

　　Directions: In this part there is a short passage with five questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.

　　Joe Templer should have known better: after all, he works for a large auto-insurance company. It won't hurt to leave the key in the truck this once, he thought, as he filled his gas tank at a self-service gas station. But moments later, as he was paying the money, he saw the truck being driven away.��

　　In 1987, 1.6 million motor vehicles were stolen in the United States — one every 20 seconds. If current trends continue, experts predict annual vehicle thefts could exceed two million by the end of the decade.��

　　Vehicle theft is a common phenomenon, which has a direct impact on over four million victims a year. The cost is astonishing.��

　　Many police officials blame professional thieves for the high volume of thefts. It is a major money-maker for organized crime. Typically, stolen cars are taken to pieces and the parts sold to individuals. But as many as 200,00 cars are smuggled out of the country every year. Most go to Latin America, the Middle East and Europe.��