(3) 短文主題的歸納

　　①Proponents of father-attended childbirth assert that the father’s experience encourages him to develop a closer bond with his child…

　　②As a father of three teenagers from a previous marriage, one man compared his past experience as a new father to being in the delivery room during the birth of his newborn daughter…

　　③ Women report that they are much less anxious and more aware of what is going on when their husbands are with them when they give birth…

　　A) The Father-Daughter Relationship

　　B) Baby’s First View of Life

　　C) Dad in the Delivery Room

　　文章共三段，分別給出了各段的主題句。第一段談贊成女子分娩時(shí)丈夫陪在其身邊的觀點(diǎn)并認(rèn)為這一經(jīng)歷有利于將來父子關(guān)系的發(fā)展;第二段從男子的角度談妻子分娩時(shí)陪在其身邊的感受;第三段則從女子自身的角度提到分娩時(shí)有丈夫在身邊會(huì)感到踏實(shí)、放心。通過對(duì)三段主題句的綜合概括，全文共同討論的是：女子分娩時(shí)要不要未來的父親候在產(chǎn)房，因此答案為C。

　　推理

　　閱讀除了需要理解文章的字面語義外，更需要透過字里行間領(lǐng)悟言外之意及作者的語氣、態(tài)度，這就要求讀者具有一定的推理能力。推理的前提就是閱讀到的有關(guān)文字——可能

　　是短語或句子或整個(gè)段落甚至整篇短文。讀者必須由表及里、由此及彼，從字里行間悟出合乎作者本意的言外之意。推理的結(jié)果應(yīng)是既來自于字里行間、又高于字里行間;既符合原文實(shí)際內(nèi)涵，又超越實(shí)際內(nèi)涵;既基于已知事實(shí)，又不僅僅是已知事實(shí)。

　　正確的推理要求：

　　1忠于原文，切忌用自己的觀點(diǎn)取代作者原意;

　　2注意作者遣詞造句的特點(diǎn)和傾向，客觀推測作者立場、觀點(diǎn)和寫作意圖;