71. But it is a little upsetting to read in the explanatory notes that a certain line describes a fight between a Turkish and a Bulgarian officer on a bridge off which they both fall into the river--and then to find that the line consists of the noise of their falling and the weights of the officers, "Pluff! Pluff!" A hundred and eighty-five kilograms."

　　[參考譯文]但當我們先是從注釋中得知某詩行講述了一個土耳其軍官和一個保加利亞軍官在橋上動手打架并雙雙掉進河里，而后卻發(fā)現(xiàn)該行詩中不過只充斥著"撲通，撲通，185公斤重"這類對他們落水時的動靜以及對軍官們體重的描寫時，我們不免感到困惑不安。

　　72. The coming of age of the postwar baby boom and an entry of women into the male- domiated job market have limited the opportunities of teen-agers who are already questioning the heavy personal sacrifices involved in climbing Janpan's rigid social ladder to good schools and jobs.

　　[參考譯文]戰(zhàn)后嬰兒潮一代的步入成年以及女性打入男性主導的勞動力市場使得青少年的發(fā)展機會變得極為有限，他們已經(jīng)在不停地質疑為了爬上日本國內那通往優(yōu)秀學校和體面工作的嚴酷的社會階梯而做出的巨大的個人犧牲。

　　73. Last year Mitsuo Setoyama, who was then education minister, raised eyebrows when he argued that liberal reforms introduced by the American occupation authorities after World War II had weakened the "Japanese morality of respect for parents".

　　[參考譯文]去年，當擔任教育部長職務的瀨戶光夫爭辯說二戰(zhàn)后由美國占領當局引入的自由主義革新削弱了日本民族"尊敬父母的道德品質"的時候，輿論嘩然。

　　74. With economic growth has come centralization: fully 76 percent of Japan's 119 million citizens live in cities where community and the extended family have been abandoned in favor of isolated, tow-generation households.

　　[參考譯文]隨著經(jīng)濟的增長，出現(xiàn)了集中化：全國1.19億公民，其中整整76%的人口定居城市：在這里，原來的社區(qū)和多代同堂的大家庭已被摒棄，取而代之的是與外界疏于往來的、只由兩代人組成的核心家庭。

　　75. If the tradition of ambition is to have vitality, it must be widely shared; and it especially must be highly regarded by people who are themselves admired, the educated not least among them.

　　[參考譯文]如果野心的傳統(tǒng)具有生命力，那么這傳統(tǒng)必會為許多人分享;尤其會受到自己也受人仰慕的人士的青睞，在這些人中受過良好教育的可不占少數(shù)。

　　76. Certainly people do not seem less interested in success and its signs now than formerly. Summer homes, European travel, BMWs--the locations, place names and name brands may change, but such items do not seem less in demand today than a decade or two years ago.

　　[參考譯文]當然，人們現(xiàn)在對成功及其各種標志的興趣似乎并不亞于先前。消夏別墅、歐陸旅行、寶馬車--地點、地名以及品牌或許會有變化，但這類事物在今天被人渴求的程度也似乎不會亞于一二十年前。

　　77. Instead, we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles, which now more than ever seem in ample supply: the critic of American materialism with a Southampton summer home; the publisher of radical books who takes his meals in three-star restaurants; the journalist advocating participatory democracy in all phases of life, whose own children are enrolled in private schools.

　　[參考譯文]相反，我們被款待看到這樣一些虛偽的壯觀景象，他們似乎比以前的任何時候都更供應充足：美國式物質主義的批判者卻擁有位于南安普頓的避暑山莊：激進書籍的出版商卻在三星級餐廳享用一日三餐;倡導在人生各個階段的參與民主制的記者，他的子女卻就讀于私立學校。

　　78. No clear-cut distinction can be drawn between professional and amateurs in science: exceptions can be found to any rule. Nevertheless, the word "amateur" does carry a connotation that person concerned is not fully integrated into the scientific community and, in particular, may not share its values.

　　[參考譯文]科學領域的專業(yè)人員和業(yè)余愛好者之間劃不出涇渭分明的界線：因為任何規(guī)則都有例外。然而，"業(yè)余"一詞的確意味著相關人員不能充分融入職業(yè)科學界，尤其未能分享科學圈子的價值。

　　79. The trend was naturally most obvious in those areas of science based especially on a mathematical or laboratory training, and can be illustrated in terms of the development of geology in the United kingdom.

　　[參考譯文]很自然，這種趨勢會在尤以數(shù)學或實驗室訓練為基礎的自然學科領域表現(xiàn)最為明顯，并且可以英國的地質學發(fā)展作例證來說明。

　　80. A comparison of British geological publications over the last century and a half reveals not simply an increasing emphasis on the primacy of research, but also a changing definition of what constitutes an acceptable research paper.

　　[參考譯文]將過去一個半世紀英國地質學領域的出版物做一下比較，(我們)就會發(fā)現(xiàn)不僅對科研的主導地位的強調不斷攀升，而且一篇可接受的科研論文所包含的內容的定義也有所變化。