真題演練

　　A great many cities are experiencing difficulties which are nothing new
　　in the history of cities, except in their scale. Some cities have lost their
　　original purpose and have not found new one. And any large or rich city is __1__
　　going to attract poor immigrants, who flood in, filling with hopes of prosperity __2__
　　which are then often disappointing. There are backward towns on the edge of
　　Bombay or Brasilia, just as though there were on the edge of seventeenth- __3__
　　century London or early nineteenth-century Paris. This is new is the scale. __4__
　　Descriptions written by eighteenth-century travelers of the poor of Mexico
　　City, and the enormous contrasts that was to be found there, are very __5__
　　dissimilar to descriptions of Mexico City today—the poor can still be __6__
　　numbered in millions.
　　The whole monstrous growth rests on economic prosperity, but behind it lies __7__
　　two myths: the myth of the city as a promised land, that attracts immigrants __8__
　　from rural poverty and brings it flooding into city centers, and the myth of __9__
　　The country as a Garden of Eden, which, a few generations late, sends them __10__
　　flooding out again to the suburbs.

　　參考答案及解析：

　　1. new one -> a new one
　　one在指代前面出現過的可數名詞(此處指purpose)時，如果有形容詞修飾，前面應加上部定冠詞a。

　　2. filling -> filled
　　該成分為定語從句的伴隨狀語，定語從句的主語為關系代詞who，指代poor immigrants，與fill是動賓關系，因此用過去分詞filled with，表示“充滿”。

　　3. though -> /
　　本句大意是：在孟買或巴西利亞周邊有一些落后的城鎮，正如17世紀的倫敦或19世紀初期周邊也有一些落后城鎮一樣。兩句之間的連詞應該表示比較，“與...相同”，使后一句成為前一句的比較狀語從句。連詞as意為“像...一樣”，前面just強調程度表示“正如，與...相同”。

　　4. This -> What
　　將This改為what，引導主語從句，表示“所...的”。

　　5. was -> were
　　定語從句關系代詞that的先行詞為the enormous contrasts，因此，從句謂語動詞要用復數。

　　6. dissimilar -> similar
　　從破折號后面的解釋性句子the poor can still be numbered in millions可以看出，兩種描述是相似性，所以dissimilar是與上下文相矛盾的。

　　7. lies -> lie
　　注意but得分句是一個完全倒裝句，介詞短語behine it提前，真正的主語是two myths，主謂顛倒，因此，該句的謂語要用復數形式。

　　8. that -> which

　　9. it -> them
　　該詞在句中代替的是前面提到的immigrants，因此要講單數人稱代詞改為復數代詞。

　　10. late -> later

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