CET6 Passage 3
To see if hair color affects a person’s chances of getting a job, researchers at California State University asked 136 college students to review the resume and photograph of a female applicant for a job as an accountant. Each student was given the same resume but the applicant’s picture was altered so that in some photos, her hair was golden, in some red and in some brown. The result-----with brown hair, the woman was rated more capable and she was offered a higher salary than when she had a golden or red hair. Other studies have found similar results. Many respondents rate women with golden hair as less intelligent than other people and red hair as more temperamental. Women with red or golden hair are victims of the common practice of stereotyping. A stereotype is a simplistic or exaggerated image that human carries in their minds about groups of people. For example, lawyers are shrewd and dishonest is a popular stereotype. Stereotyping can occur in public speaking classes when trying to choose a speech topic. Some males think that women are uninterested in how to repair cars or some females think that men are uninterested in creative hobbies, such as knitting a needlepoint. We should reject to stereotypes because they force all people in a group into the same simple pattern. They fail to account for individual differences and the wide range of characteristics among members of any group. Some lawyers are dishonest, yes, but many are not. Some women are uninterested in repairing cars, yes, but some are enthusiastic with mechanics.
Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
Q33. What did researchers at California State University find?
Q34. What is the popular stereotype of lawyers?
Q35.Why does the speaker say we should reject to stereotypes?
Section C 復合聽寫
The ancient Greeks developed basic memory systems called “Numonyx”. The name is derived from their Goddess of memory “Mnemosyne”. In the ancient world, a trained memory was an immense asset, particularly in public life. There were no convenient devices for taking notes and early Greek orators delivered long speeches with great accuracy because they learned their speeches using Numonyx systems. The Greeks discovered that human memory is largely an associative process. That works by linking things together. For example, think of an apple. The instinct of your brain registers the word apple. It recalls the shape, color, taste, smell and texture of that food. All these things are associated in your memory with the word apple. This means that any thought about a certain subject will often bring up more memories that are related to it. An example could be when you think about a lecture you will have.
This could trigger a memory about what you are talking about through that lecture, which can then trigger another memory. The associations do not have to be logical. They just have to make a good link. An example given on the website I was looking at follows: “do you remember the shape of Austral, Canada, Belgium or Germany.” Probably not. What about Italy, though? If you remember the shape of Italy, it is because you have been told sometime that Italy is shaped like a boot. You made an association with something you’ve already known—the shape of a boot. And Italy’s shape could not be forgotten once you’ve made the association
