點擊查看：2018年6月大學英語六級閱讀100篇

　　A study published in the New England journal of Medicine estimated that there are an average of 30 in-flight medical emergencies on U.S. flights every day. Most of them are not grave; fainting, dizziness and hyperventilation (換氣過度) are the most frequent complaints, But 13% of them-roughly four a day-are serious enough to require a pilot to change course. The most common of the serious emergencies include heart trouble (46%), strokes and other neurological problems (18%), and difficult breathing (6%).

　　Let's face it: plane riders are stressful. For starters, cabin pressures at high altitudes are set at roughly what they would be if you lived at 5,000 to 8,000 feet above sea level. Most people can tolerate these pressures pretty easily, but passengers with heart disease may experience chest pains as a result of the reduced amount of oxygen flowing through their blood. Low pressure can also cause the air in body cavities to expand-as much as 30%+ Again, most people won't notice anything beyond mild stomach cramping. But if you've recently had an operation, your wound could open. And if' a medical device has been implanted in your body-a splint, a tracheotomy(氣管切開術)tube or a catheter (導管)-it could expand and cause injury.

　　Another common in-flight problem is deep venous thrombosis(深靜脈血栓)-the so-called economy-class syndrome, When you sit too long in a cramped position. the blood in our legs tends to clot. Most people just get sore calves. But blood clots, left untreated, could travel to the lungs, causing breathing difficulties and even death. Such clots are readily prevented by keeping blood flowing; walk and stretch your legs when possible,

　　Whatever you do, don't panic. Things are looking up on the in-flight-emergency front. Doctors who come to passengers' aid used to worry about getting sued; their fears have lifted somewhat since the 1998 Aviation Medical Assistance Act gave them"good Samaritan" protection. And thanks to more recent legislation, flights with at least one attendant are starting to install emergency medical kits with automated defibrillators (電擊去顫器) to treat heart attacks.

　　Are you still wondering if you are healthy enough to fly? If you can walk 150 it. or climb a flight of stairs without getting winded, you'll probably do just fine, Having a doctor close by doesn't hurt, either.

　　16.Heart disease takes up about__________of the in-flight medical emergencies on US flights.

　　A) 13%

　　B) 460/o

　　C) 18%

　　D) 6%

　　17.According to the passage, the expansion of air in body cavities can result in____________.

　　A) heart attack

　　B) chest pain

　　C) stomach cramping

　　D) difficult breathing

　　18.According to the passage, why does deep venous thrombosis usually happen?

　　A) Because the economy class is not spacious enough.

　　B) Because there are too many economy-class passengers.

　　C) Because passengers are not allowed to walk during the flight.

　　D) Because the low pressure in the cabin prevents blood flowing smoothly.

　　19.According to the J998 Aviation Medical Assistance Act, Doctors who came to passengers' aid__________.

　　A) do not have to be worried even if they give the patients improper treatment

　　B) will not be submitted to legal responsibility even if the patients didn't recover

　　C) are assisted by advanced emergency medical kits

　　D) will be greatly respected by the patient and the crew

　　20.The phrase "getting winded" (Line 2. Para. 5) is closest in meaning to____________.

　　A) falling over

　　B) being out of breath

　　C) spraining the ankle

　　D) moving in a curving line

　　答案：

　　16.[D]根據首段末句，心臟病占飛行中醫療重癥的46%;而根據倒數第2句，重癥在美國所有飛行中的醫療急癥中占13%。結合這兩句可知，心臟病應占所有急癥中13%的46%，即約6%，因此選項D為本題答案。

　　17.[C]第2段第4句提到了“體腔內空氣膨脹”，接下來三句分別列出了這種現象可能導致的三種病癥，其中選項C在第5句提到，為本題答案。

　　18.[A]第3段末句建議乘客有機會就多運動或伸展腿部，由此可以推斷該段第2句中的cramped表明經濟艙的空間狹窄，因此選項A為本題答案。

　　19.[B]倒數第2段第3句提到，醫生擔心他們給予病人的醫療援助一旦出現意外就會遭到起訴，而這種害怕自從1998年《航空醫療救助法案》頒布后，在某種程度上就消失了，由此可推斷，Aviation Medical Assistance Act讓醫生在出現意外時能避免承擔法律資任，即選項B為本題答案。

　　20.[B]末段第2句指出了測試身體是否足夠健康去乘坐飛機的方法，結合全文中提到的飛機中氣壓低、含氧量低的特點，可以推斷getting winded應指“喘氣”。即選項B。

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