b) 獨立結構中的being, having been有時可以省去。

　　如：The meeting (being) over, we all left the room.會議結束之后，我們都離開了房間。

　　Our work ( having been)finished, we went home.我們的工作完成之后，我們都回家了。

　　7.分詞的否定結構

　　現在分詞的否定式由“not+現在分詞”構成

　　如：Not knowing where to go, she wanted to the police for help.她不知道該往哪走，就去請警察幫助。

　　過去分詞表否定，常借助un-等前綴表示。

　　如：The boy was left uncared for.那孩子無人照管。

　　8.現在分詞的時態

　　現在分詞的一般式 doing：現在分詞的一般式表示的動作與謂語動詞表示的動作同時發生，或在謂語動詞表示的動詞之前或之后發生。

　　如：She sat there reading the text.她坐在那里讀課文。(同時發生)

　　Going into the room, he shut the door.走進房子，他就關上了門。(分詞動作先于謂語發生)

　　現在分詞的完成式 having done：表示的動作發生在謂語動詞表示的動作之前，通常只作狀語，表示時間或原因。

　　如：Having finished her homework, the little girl began to watch TV.做完作業后，這小女孩開始看電視。

　　第二部分 鞏固練習

　　1.When I caught him _______ me I stopped buying things there and started dealing with another shop.

　　a. cheating b. cheat c. to cheat d. to be cheat

　　選a. 現在分詞作賓補表示動作正在發生

　　2.__________, a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than a man whose command of language is poor.

　　a. Other things being equal b. Were other things equal c. To be equal to other things d. Other things to be equal

　　選a. 獨立主格結構

　　3. All things _________ the planned trip will have to be called off.

　　a. considered b. be considered c. considering d. having considered

　　選a. 獨立主格結構

　　4. All flights __________ because of the snowstorm, many passengers could do nothing but take the train.

　　a.had been cancelled b. have been cancelled c. were cancelled d. having been cancelled

　　選d. 獨立主格結構

　　5.I have heard both teachers and students _____ well of him.

　　a. speak b. to speak c. spoken d. to have spoken

　　選a. 省略to的不定式作賓補，表示的是動作發生了。

　　6.This crop has similar qualities to the previous one, __________ both wind-resistant and adapted to the same type of soil.

　　a. been b. to be c being d. having been

　　選c.現在分詞作狀語

　　7.The sale usually takes place outside the house, with the audience_______ on benches, chairs or boxes.

　　a. having seated b. seating c. having been seated d. seated

　　選d. seat只能用過去分詞的形式表示使就坐。

　　8.You will see this product ______ wherever you go.

　　a. to be advertised b. advertised c. advertise d. advertising

　　選b.過去分詞作賓補

　　9.He wasn’t appointed chairman of the committee, ________ not very popular with all its members.

　　a. to be considered b. considering c. being considered d. having considered

　　選c.分詞短語作狀語

　　10.Professor Wang, __________ for his informative lectures, was warmly received by his students.

　　a. knowing b. known c. to be known d having known

　　選b. 過去分詞作定語

　　第三部分 總結

　　本次課主要講述了非謂語動詞中的分詞的用法，需要大家重點掌握：

　　1.分詞的用法：即作定語、表語、賓語補足語和狀語

　　2.獨立主格結構的用法