數 詞(3-3~4-1)

　　大綱要求

　　基數詞及其用法;序數詞的構成及其用法;分數詞的構成;小數的用法。

　　一、基數詞及其主要用法

　　表示數目的詞稱基數詞。15 fifteen，幾百幾千不加s，242 two hundred and forty-two，5058 five thousand and fifty-eight，9，600，000 nine million six hundred thousand

　　1.基數詞可以用于數字的計算。

　　6+8=14 Six plus eight is fourteen.

　　9-7=2 Nine minus seven is two.

　　7X5= 35 Seven times five is thirty-five.

　　8÷4=2 Eight divided by four is two.

　　2.基數詞可以表示人的大致年齡和年代。

　　He died in his fifties.

　　This took place in 1990s/1990s.

　　The professor became successful in his thirties.

　　3.基數詞可以用來表達年份、時間、電話號碼。

　　1700 seventeen hundred

　　1814 eighteen fourteen

　　9：20 nine twenty

　　11：30 eleven thirty/ half past eleven

　　5：45 five forty-five/ a quarter to six

　　88760231 eight eight seven， six zero two， three one

　　4.基數詞可以用于編號。

　　Number six， line 4， page 19， Bus(No.) 332， Platform (No.) 5， Room 101

　　5.基數詞可以和其他詞一起構成合成形容詞，在句子中作定語。

　　A one-month-old baby can recognize its mother by smell.

　　This eleven-month-old baby can speak a few words.

　　(The baby is eleven months old.)

　　The teacher asked us to write a four-thousand-word essay as our homework.

　　(There are four thousand words in the essay.)

　　This four-paragraph essay is too difficult for me to understand.

　　(There are four paragraphs in this essay. )

　　二、序數詞及其主要用法

　　表示順序的詞稱為序數詞。如first， second， third， fourth， ninth， twenty-first， forty-fifth等。

　　序數詞可以用來表示日期和世紀。May the first / the first of May(5.1)， August the eighth / the eighth of August(8.8)， the twentieth century， the twenty-first century

　　序數詞在句子中前面一般加the

　　The first of October is our National Day.

　　She was the third to arrive.

　　序數詞在句子中前面加不定冠詞，表示“再一”又一“。

　　Theyll have to do it a second time.

　　Shall I ask him a third time?

　　When he sat down ， a fourth man rose to ask.

　　三、分數詞的構成

　　分數的分子用基數詞表示，分母用序數詞表示，若分子大于1，分母需用復數。

　　two-thirds(2/3)，one-third(1/3)， nine-tenths (9/10)， five-twelfths(5/12)。

　　特殊表達法有：one half (1/2)，a quarter (1/4)， three quarters (3/4)

　　考試重點

　　基數詞可以和其他詞一起構成合成形容詞，在句子中作定語，名詞不能加s.

　　數詞部分需特別注意dozen， hundred， million， billion 等詞。表示具體數字時，這些詞用單數形式，表示不具體的數字時，須用dozens of， hundreds of 這類的結構。

　　I want three dozen of these.

　　He has been there dozens of times.

　　It is reported that _____ people in this area were saved in the storm.

　　A. hundred B. hundred of C. hundreds of D. some hundreds

　　(答案 C)

　　當數詞與名詞及其他詞構成合成形容詞時，合成形容詞中間若用連字符，則其中的名詞須用單數形式。

　　The homework for the next period is to write a two-hundred-word composition about your hometown.

　　Mary is a eleven-year-old girl.

　　(Mary is eleven years old.)

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