lesson 8 　代詞(一)

　　內 容 提 要

　　代詞分人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞、不定代詞、指示代詞、關系代詞和連接代詞，它們在句子中承擔不同的功用。

　　人 稱 代 詞

　　一、主格人稱代詞有I， we， you， he， she， they， it，主格人稱代詞就是在句中充當主語和表語的代詞

　　二、賓格人稱代詞有me， us， you， him， her， them， it，賓格人稱代詞即在句中充當賓語(含介詞賓語)的代詞

　　三、同步練習

　　1) Archibald Motley's artistic talent [A] was apparent [B] by the time him [C] enrolled [D] in high school.

　　2) Legends often contain an element [A] of fact， but [B] sometimes it is [C] totally [D] untrue.

　　3) Unlike [A] road vehicles， Hovercrafts have no physical [B] contact with the surface over which [C] them [D] travel.

　　4) Let you and I [A] promise that we shall always [B] dare to do [C] what is [D] right.

　　5) Most of we [A] know that conductors direct their orchestras with a baton， but how many [B] are aware that [C] they also direct with their faces， hands [D] ， and shoulders?

　　四、例題解析

　　1) C錯。him是賓格，而此處卻需要作主語的人稱代詞，故應將him改為主格he.

　　2) C錯。 改為they are.C處代替的是“Legends”而不是“an element”。

　　3) D錯。them也是賓格，應改用主格they，作定語從句中的主語，謂語為travel.

　　4) A錯。 改為me.

　　5) A錯。改為賓格us，因為前面是介詞of，us作其賓語，故用賓格。

　　物 主 代 詞

　　一、表示人的物主代詞用my， our， your， his， her和their，指無生命的東西用its(但指國家時一般用she或her)，它們在句中作定語

　　二、名詞型物主代詞能作表語(It's theirs)、主語(Mine is there)、賓語(I don't like hers)，與of連用可以作定語(the food of theirs)。

　　三、同步練習

　　1) A scientist bases its [A] work on hypotheses that [B] have been checked [C] through careful [D] experimentation.

　　2) Crude rubber is an [A] elastic(有彈性的) solid with a specific gravity of 0.911 and a refractive index(折射率) of 1.591， though it [B] composition varies with different latexes(橡漿) as well as [C] with the way it is prepared [D] at the plantation.

　　3) Manufacturers [A] of consumer goods [B] often change [C] the styles of them [D] products.

　　四、例題解析

　　1) A錯。 改為his.

　　2) B錯。 改為its.

　　3) D錯。 改為their.

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