2000年Passage 3

When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal. With regard to Futurist poetry, however, the case is rather difficult, for whatever Futurist poetry may be even admitting that the theory on which it is based may be right, it can hardly be classed as Literature.

This, in brief, is what the Futurist says; for a noise and violence and speed. Consequently, our feelings, thoughts and emotions have undergone a corresponding change. This speeding up of life, says the Futurist, requires a new form of expression. We must speed up our literature too, if we want to interpret modern stress. We must pour out a large stream of essential words, unhampered by stops, or qualifying adjectives, of finite verbs. Instead of describing sounds we must make up words that imitate them; we must use many sizes of type and different colored inks on the same page, and shorten or lengthen words at will.

Certainly their descriptions of battles are confused. But it is a little upsetting to read in the explanatory notes that a certain line describes a fight between a Turkish and a Bulgarian officer on a bridge off which they both fall into the river and then to find that the line consists of the noise of their falling and the weights of the officers:' Pluff! Pluff! A hundred and eighty-five kilograms.'

This, though it fulfills the laws and requirements of Futurist poetry, can hardly be classed as Literature. All the same, no thinking man can refuse to accept their first proposition: that a great change in our emotional life calls for a change of expression. The whole question is really this: have we essentially changed?

60. When a novel literary idea appears, people should try to_____.
[A] determine its purposes
[B] ignore its flaws
[C] follow the new fashions
[D] accept the principles

[答案] A

[解題思路]

本題需要準確理解題干的關鍵詞之一"novel"，在這里不是"小說"的意思，而是一個形容詞，意為與new相同。在確定了這一點之后可以對應到原文第一句話"When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at"（當一場新的藝術運動形成某種時尚時，理應弄清其倡導者的目標所在），aming at正好對應于A選項中的purposes，因而顯然A為正確選項。

[題目譯文]

當一種新的文學思想出現的時候，人們應該試圖          。
[A] 弄清其目的
[B] 忽視其缺點
[C] 緊跟其潮流
[D] 接受其原則

61. Futurists claim that we must____.
[A] increase the production of literature
[B] use poetry to relieve modern stress
[C] develop new modes of expression
[D] avoid using adjectives and verbs

[答案] C

[解題思路]

關于未來派詩歌的一些創作主張出現在文章的第二段，其中第三句指出"This speeding up of life, says the Futurist, requires a new form of expression"（未來派詩人聲稱，這種加速的生活節奏需要一種新的表達形式），require a new form of expression即C選項中的new modes of expression，form和mode是同義詞，都是"形式"的意思。A和B選項都不是未來派詩歌的主張，而D選項的意思與該段第四句"We must speed up our literature too, if we want to interpret modern stress"（如果我們想詮釋現代生活的壓力，就必須加快文學發展的步伐）相反，因為并不是指放棄使用所有的形容詞和動詞。

[題目譯文]

未來派詩人聲稱我們必須            。
[A] 增加文學作品的產量
[B] 用詩歌來緩解現代壓力
[C] 發展新的表達模式
[D] 避免使用形容詞和動詞

62. The author believes that Futurist poetry is_____.
[A] based on reasonable principles
[B] new and acceptable to ordinary people
[C] indicative of basic change in human nature
[D] more of a transient phenomenon than literature

[答案] D

[解題思路]

第一段最后一句指出"With regard to Futurist poetry, however, the case is rather difficult, for whatever Futurist poetry may be even admitting that the theory on which it is based may be right, it can hardly be classed as Literature"（然而，就未來派詩歌而言，情況卻相當不同，因為無論未來派詩歌為什么--即使承認其理論根據可能正確--也很難稱之為文學），同時最后一段第一句也進一步強調"This, though it fulfills the laws and requirements of Futurist poetry, can hardly be classed as Literature"（盡管這符合未來派詩歌的規則和要求，卻很難被歸入文學之列），說明作者并不認為未來派詩歌可以算作文學，對其持否定態度，因此A選項不正確。B選項也是錯誤的，因為文章中并為涉及普通人對于未來派詩歌的看法。C選項對應于原文最后一句話"The whole question is really this: have we essentially changed"（實際問題是：我們真的發生了根本上的變化嗎），但原文只是指出了一個疑問，并無定論，因而C選項也是錯誤的。D選項則符合作者的觀點，未來派詩歌只會曇花一現，不會立足于文學界。

[題目譯文]

作者認為未來派詩歌是            。
[A] 給予合理的原則
[B] 對于普通百姓來說是新穎和易于接受的
[C] 暗示者人性的基本變化
[D] 與其說是文學，不如說是一種短暫現象

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