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　　非謂語動詞

　　【難句19】The energy used to separate oxygen from air before burning is almost as great as that needed to filter out nitrogen afterwards, leading to a similar loss of efficiency. (The Economist Nov. 30, 2006)

　　【結構分析】本句是一個簡單句，為一個主系表結構The energy is almost as great as that needed to filter out nitrogen afterwards，使用了as…as…結構，其中被比較的對象that needed to filter out nitrogen afterwards中，that指代上文的energy，過去分詞結構needed to…作后置定語體現(xiàn)被動。其中主語energy由過去分詞結構used to separate oxygen from air before burning 作后置定語體現(xiàn)被動;句末的現(xiàn)在分詞結構leading to a similar loss of efficiency作全句的結果狀語。

　　【參考譯文】燃燒前將氧氣從空氣中分離所需的能源幾乎不亞于上述將氮氣過濾所需的耗費，這就使得兩者在效率損失上不相上下。

　　【難句20】Some great manufacturers and great service companies may have become too lean in their relentless drive to reduce costs, outsourcing not just their non-core activities but essential ones too. (The Economist Jun. 15, 2006)

　　【結構分析】本句不難，逗號前為主句Some great manufacturers and great service companies may have become too lean in their relentless drive to reduce costs,使用了too…to…結構，句末的現(xiàn)在分詞結構outsourcing not just their non�瞔ore activities but essential ones too作伴隨狀語，進一步補充說明reduce costs的具體內容。

　　【參考譯文】有些大的制造商和服務供應商熱衷于降低成本，不僅把非核心業(yè)務外包，而且連核心業(yè)務也不放過。

　　【難句21】The study shows that nearly half the organizations featured in the Times Top 100 Graduate Employers plan to expand their graduate programs this year, increasing the total number of vacancies available for new graduates by more than 10 percent compared with 2006 recruitment levels. (The Sunday Times Jan. 11, 2007)

　　【結構分析】本句是復合句。逗號前為主句，是主謂賓結構，其中謂語shows的賓語由that引導的名詞性從句that nearly half the organizations featured in the Times Top 100 Graduate Employers plan to expand their graduate programs this year充當。現(xiàn)在分詞結構increasing the total number of vacancies available for new graduates by more than 10 percent compared with 2006 recruitment levels作狀語，我們可以理解其為結果狀語，注意增加的幅度用介詞by表示。句末的過去分詞結構compared with 2006 recruitment levels作比較狀語。

　　【參考譯文】研究表明，《時代》排名前100名的畢業(yè)生雇主單位中有將近一半計劃今年將擴大畢業(yè)生接收規(guī)模，為新的畢業(yè)生增加可利用的空缺職位數(shù)量，這個數(shù)量與2006年的新成員水平相比，會增加10%以上。

　　【難句22】The trouble is, as soon as you’ve been given a clean bill of health you’re back at your desk, facing the same situation that led to depression and compulsive behavior problems in the first place. (Times Online Jan. 11, 2007)

　　【結構分析】本句主干是一個主系表結構The trouble is…，其中表語部分由從句充當。在表語從句中，包含as soon as引導的時間狀語從句as soon as you’ve been given a clean bill of health，翻譯為“一……就……”。現(xiàn)在分詞短語facing the same situation…作you’re back at your desk的伴隨狀語，關系代詞that引導的定語從句 that led to depression and compulsive behavior problems in the first place修飾先行詞the same situation，that在從句中作主語。

　　【參考譯文】問題是，一旦你得到清楚的健康證明，你就得立刻回到你的辦公桌，并且首先就要面對與原來曾導致沮喪和強迫性行為問題的同樣的情形。