三 教育、就業類

　　1 教育

　　achieve universal comsulsory education 普及全民義務教育

　　adult education 成人教育

　　conduct the education of the younger generation 對年輕一代進行教育

　　special education for the disabled children 為殘疾兒童開設特殊教育

　　spread education 推廣教育

　　take education seriously 重視教育

　　be firmly convinced that education pays 堅信受教育是有益的

　　borrow heavily from the western traditions in education 在教育上大量借鑒西方慣例

　　develop a well-informed, critically thinking, and civically engaged citizenry 培養知識豐富、善于獨立思考、能很好履行義務的公民

　　Family education is as important as public education. 家庭教育和學校教育一樣重要。

　　Knowledge is priceless treasure. 知識是無價之寶。

　　talent training and quality education 人才培養和素質教育

　　transmit to youth the best of our culture 將我們最優秀的文化傳給青年一代

　　understand the necessity of education 懂得教育的必要性

　　alleviate/reduce/lighten burdens on the students of elementary and secondary schools 減輕中小學生負擔

　　arouse attention from all sectors of society 引起全社會的注意

　　call for alleviating burdens on students 呼吁減輕學生負擔

　　Children get a better education today than at any time in the past. 今天的孩子受的教育比以往任何時候都要好。

　　Edution must be conbined with practice. 教育必須與實踐相結合。

　　A college education in the United States in expensive. 美國大學教育的費用昂貴。

　　Increasing enrollment causes a sharp rise in educational costs. 擴大招生導致教育費用急劇上升。

　　Students pay their tuition fees and living costs from income earned through the work-study program. 學生用勤工儉學的收入繳納學習費用和生活費用。

　　2 教學及教學方法

　　adopt a new approach in teaching 在教學中采用一套新做法

　　allow more time for individual instrucion and group discussion 給予更多時間做個人指導和小組討論

　　impart knowledge to one’s students 把知識傳授給學生

　　involve both bearning and teaching 涉及教與學兩方面

　　make radical improvements in teaching 從根本上改進教學

　　stick to the traditional teaching methods 固守傳統教學法

　　teach students according to their aptitude 因材施教

　　3 教學管理

　　(1)學校

　　abide by the school rules 遵守學校的規章

　　collect subscription for the putting up of a charity school 募捐籌建慈善學校

　　found an establishment of a private school 建立私利學校

　　make the most economical of school facilities 充分利用學校資源

　　part-work and part-study school 半工半讀學校

　　(2)學生

　　be a good student in comparison with sb. 與某人相比，算是好學生

　　be concerned about the students ideology 從思想上關心學生

　　be heavily burdened with schoolwork 學校功課負擔太重

　　dropouts 輟學者

　　encourage the students to think their own thoughts 鼓勵學生獨立思考

　　errors common among students 學生常犯的錯誤

　　give heart to students 鼓勵學生

　　give individual attention to each student 給每個學生以個別關注

　　Good teachers impart wisdom to his students. 好老師賦予學生智慧。

　　It is the duty of a student to study hard. 努力學習是學生的本分。

　　self-supporting graduate student 自費研究生

　　try one’s best to have the students take the initiative in learning 盡力調動學生的學習積極性

　　(3)學科

　　a developing borderline science 一門正在發展的邊緣科學

　　an extensive subject 一門內容廣博的學科

　　complete undergraduate study 完成本科學業

　　inspire self-conscious debates over the worth of a business degree 引發有關工商學位價值的討論

　　Science and technology are productive forces. 科學技術是生產力。

　　this subject and its numerous ramifications 這門學科以及它的許多分支

　　(4)課程

　　a great number of students are enrolled in … 大量學生報名…

　　approaches to teaching science and math vary 科學課和數學課的教學方法有所不同

　　arrange the curriculum 安排課程

　　at the end of the course 結業時

　　Graduate study is more intensive and specialized. 研究生學習更精深、更專業。

　　have less courses, but in greater depth 課程少一些，但更深入

　　non-required subjects 選修課

　　(5)招生

　　a form of application for enrollment 大學申請表

　　enroll in a college without being strongly motivated 不迫切希望報名就讀某大學

　　enter for an examination 報名參加考試

　　Entrance requirements differ greatly. 入學條件很不一樣。

　　increase enrollment 擴招

　　(6)學歷及文憑

　　acknowledge a diploma of graduation 公證一份學位證書

　　be granted an official certificate from … 被授予由…頒發的正式證書

　　confer diplomas on members of the graduating class 向畢業生頒發學位證

　　education with record of formal schooling 學歷教育

　　obtain a license or a certificate for one’s job or career 獲得從事自己工作或職業的執照或證書

　　pursue graduate study 讀研究生

　　try to obtain the undergraduate diploma through self-taught study 試圖通過自學獲得本科文憑

　　(7)體制和管理

　　adopt an academic credit system 采取學分制

　　be a student of fine qualities and fine scholar 品學兼優

　　broad mental development 全面的智能發展

　　develop an interest in learning 培養學習興趣

　　drop out of school 退學

　　further education 深造

　　implementing the new standards 實施新的標準

　　investigate all sides of a question and all possible solutions to a problem 調查研究問題的各個方面及各種可能的解決方法

　　learn admission status 了解錄取情況

　　letter of recommendation 推薦信

　　meet the standards 符合標準

　　possess both political integrity and professional ability 德才兼備

　　shake their confidence 動搖他們的信心

　　4 學習

　　(1)目標與動機

　　achieve the goal one has set for oneself 達到為自己確立的目標

　　be completely absorbed in study 把精力完全貫注在學習上

　　derive pleasure from one’s studies 從學習中獲得樂趣

　　distract one’s mind from one’s study 分散某人學習的注意力

　　learn through one’s valuable experience 從自己寶貴的經驗中學習

　　neglect one’s studies 忽視自己的學習

　　place the study ahead of anything else 把學習放在第一位

　　stimulate oneself to study 發奮學習

　　study harder under the stimulus of praise 在表揚的激勵下更加努力學習

　　study assiduously and perseveringly 持之以恒地刻苦學習

　　(2)方法和習慣

　　gain new insights through restudying old material 溫故而知新

　　lay the basis for further study 為進一步深造奠定基礎

　　store/stock one’s mind with knowledge 用知識充實頭腦

　　Unless you study hard you will not pass the exam. 除非你用功，否則不會及格

　　(3)考試

　　a certificate examination 證書考試

　　be quite confident of passing the examination 堅信自己能通過考試

　　conduct an examination 舉行考試

　　gain distinction in the examination 考試成績優秀

　　take part in the entrance exams for graduate school 考研

　　We should study hard at ordinary times to avoid making a frantic last-minute effort. 我們應該平時多燒香，免得考試時臨時抱佛腳。

　　(4)考試，試卷

　　hand in an examination 交卷

　　machine scoring 機器閱卷

　　take a written examination 參加筆試

　　(5)成績

　　become complacent over any success 一有成績就自滿起來

　　carry forward one’s achievements 發揚成績

　　come off with honors 以優異成績通過

　　measure sb.’s success 衡量某人的成績

　　(6)畢業

　　attent the graduation ceremony 參加畢業典禮

　　be assigned to work in the remote region after graduation 畢業后分配到邊遠地區

　　be recommended to the postgraduate school after completing one’s regular college course 本科畢業后直升研究生

　　begin to work soon after graduating 畢業后不久開始工作

　　Entrance into college means employment security. 進入大學意味著工作有了保障。

　　fill all requirements for graduation 具備畢業的一切條件

　　gain graduate certificate/receive a diploma 獲得學位證書

　　have independent mind 會獨立思考

　　make full use of talents 使人盡其才

　　The job hunt faces this year’s graduates. 本屆畢業生面臨就業問題。

　　university student’s innovative undertaking 大學生創業

　　young people on the threshold of life 剛剛進入社會的年輕人

　　5 就業

　　accept the editorship of a magazine 接受一家雜志的編輯工作

　　acquire a key position in an eminent company 在一著名公司身居要職

　　be assigned to the position of … 被分配…的工作

　　be rapt in one’s new job 把精力貫注在新工作上

　　engage upon a new position 從事新職業

　　permanent occupation 固定職業

　　secure a more lucrative employment 獲得一份賺錢更多的職業

　　seek a steady and well-paid job 找到既穩定有待遇優厚的工作

　　allow employees to contribute and to feel powerful and important 讓員工盡責盡力并意識到自己的作用和重要性

　　workaholic 工作狂

　　be adequate for the job 能夠勝任工作

　　be devoid of professional sense 缺乏職業觀念

　　be very conscientious in one’s work 對工作負責

　　Hard and honest work is the surest way to establishment. 努力而誠實的工作是最可靠的成功之道。

　　keep pounding away at one’s work 持續努力工作

　　measure up to one’s job in every way 各方面都能勝任工作

　　put one’s whole soul into one’s work 全神貫注工作

　　dedicate the great portion of one’s life to … 把一生的大部分時間致力于…

　　take pay cuts 接受降薪

　　an army of the unemployed 失業大軍

　　since depression began 自從經濟蕭條開始以來

　　unemployment insurance/payments 失業保險/救助金

　　be fired 被解雇

　　be the right person 是合適的人選

　　go for the job interview 參加求職面試

　　go job hunting in the web 上網求職

　　rely on one’s own skills and capabilities for one’s success 依賴自己的技能和能力獲得成功

　　think sb.’s is qualified for the job 認為某人有資格勝任這份工作

　　be optimistic and cooperative 樂觀向上，善于與人協作

　　get second starts in careers that have greater appeal to … 重新開始一份對…有更大吸引力的工作