(4) 過渡句型

　　a. 承上啟下，使新觀點不致顯得過于突兀、武斷

　　It is true that most jobs are a series of more or less unpleasant chores, but it doesn’t follow that that’s all they are.

　　That is true, no doubt, but it is not his whole story by any means.

　　It is fairly well known that Vitamin C is indispensable to health. But it is probably less well known that taking it excessively may do harm to the human body.

　　This story also illustrates the importance of seizing an opportunity when it presents itself. It is one thing to be offered an opportunity; it is another thing to take it and use it well.

　　b.引用圖表內容時的過渡句型。圖表作文經常使用as 從句做解釋性描述的過渡。

　　As is revealed in the graph, …

　　As the survey results show, …

　　As we could find out later in this unit, his plan was not quite as he had expected.

　　This table provides several important points of comparison between the two universities. As can be indicated in the table, the housing space for the staff of A in 1995 was 34 500 square meters, which nearly doubled the B’s corresponding figure.

　�。�5）描寫曲線走勢的常用句型。曲線的走勢可用上升、下降、保持平穩、有所波動等用語來描述：

　　Before 1970 the birth rate remained level. Then in 1970 it fell till it reached 30 per thousand.

　　The birth rate in this region rocketed to the highest peak in 1963.

　　Although prices fluctuated between 1962 and 1972, overall the trend was downward.

　　The economy went up and down in a zigzag way.

　　After a steady decline for a whole decade the country’s fertility rate shows signs of leveling off.

　　(6)描述圖表常用的概括性句型

　　這種句子通常用于文章或段落的開頭和結尾：

　　This table provides several interesting points of comparison between A and B.

　　The two graphs depict the same thing seen in two different ways. The first diagram simply records… The second graph throws a new light on…

　　The key findings taken from the surveys are as follows:…

　　If drivers continue to drive more carefully and further strengthen their sense of safety, the rate of accidents can be expected to decline even more dramatically in the year 1991.

　　有些作文的出題形式是圖表。因此考生需要熟悉和掌握一些常用的句型來解釋圖表，分析和表達數據間的倍數和比例關系。

　　Asia ranks first both in area and in population among the seven continents. Europe is second to Asia in population, but in area it is the last but one.

　　We all hope that a country’s population should be in proportion to its area. Unfortunately, the reality often goes against our will.

　　And in August as many as 39 car accidents were recorded, indicating an increase of about 79 percent as compared with the number of January.

　　A is by far the largest university, being over three times as big as B.

　　“time”常用來表達倍數，總結其搭配，大致有如下幾種：

　　as large as

　　the size (volume, etc.) of

　　that of

　　over that of

　　倍數+times+ greater (形容詞比較級) than

　　as against

　　3 times as large as 比……大兩倍(是……的3倍)

　　3 times the size (volume, etc.) of 是……3倍大(比……大兩倍)

　　17 times that of 是……的17倍(比……多16倍)

　　17 times over that of (for) 是……的17倍 (比……多16倍)

　　17 times greater 增加了16倍 (是……的17倍)

　　3 times as against 為……的3倍

　　twice/thrice as much as 是……的2/3倍

　　在表達倍數時，還可用“倍數+fold”，比如：

　　Between 1999 and 2002, the industrial output value of our city was up 8-fold.(在1999年到2002年這段時間，我市的工業總產值增長了7倍/為原來的8倍。)

　　此外，表達整數倍數的還有：double(兩倍、翻一番)、more than doubled(超過兩倍)、treble/triple(增至三倍、使增加兩倍)、quadruple(翻兩番)。

　　表達分數或小數倍數的有：

　　16.5% higher than(比……高出16.5%)

　　18% above that of the same period last year(比去年同期增加18%)

　　24% less (fewer) than(比……少了24%)

　　up 5.6 times(增加5.6倍)

　　go up by 23% (增長了23%)

　　reduce by 18% (減少了18%)

　　reduce to less (fewer) than (減少了不到……)

　　rise by 5.2% compared with the same period of last year(與去年同期相比上升5.2%)

　　register a 37% increase (decrease) (增長/減少37%)

　　increase by 54% over (on, above, as against) the last year(比去年增長了54%)

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