第三部分：概括段落大意和補全句子(第16～25題，每題1分，共10分)閱讀下面短文。請完成短文后的2項測試任務：(1)從第16～20題后所給的6個選項中為第①～⑤段每段選擇l個正確的小標題;(2)從第21～25題后所給的6個選項中選擇5個正確選項，分別完成每個句子。

　　16

　　回答16-25題

　　Intelligence: a Changed View

　　__①__Intelligence was believed to be a fixed entitysome faculty of the mind that we all possess and which determines in some way the extent of our achievements.Its value therefore，was as a predictor of children’s future learnin9.If they differed markedly in their ability to 1earn complex tasks，then it was clearly necessary to educate them differently and the need for different types of sch001 and even different ability groups within school was obvious.Intelligence tests could be used for streaming children according to ability at an early age;and atll these tests were superior to measures of attainment for selecting children for different types of secondary education.

　　__②__ Today，we are beginning to think differently.In the last few years，research has thrown doubt on the view that innate intelligence can ever be measured and on the very nature of intelligence itself.

　　There is considerable evidence now which shows the great influence of environment both on achievement and intelligence.Children with poor home backgrounds not only do less welI in their school work and intelligence tests but their performance tends to deteriorate gradually compared with that of their more fortunate classmates.

　　__③__ There ate evidences that support the view that we have to distinguish between genetic intelligence and observed intelligence.Any deficiency in the appropriate genes will restrict development no matter how stimulating the environment.We cannot observe and measure innate intelligence，whereas we can observe and measure the effects of the interaction of whatever is inherited with whatever stimulation has been received from the environment.Researches have been investigating，vhat happens in this interaction.

　　__④__ Two major findings have emerged from these researches.FirstlY，the greater part of the development of observed intelligence occursin the earliest years of life.It is estimated that 50 per cent of measure able intelligence at age 17 is already predictable by the age of 4.Secondly.the most important factors in the environment are language and psychological aspects of the parent～child relationship.Much of the difference in measured intelligence between“privileged”and“disadvantaged”children may be due to the latter’s lack of appropriate verbal stimulation and the poverty of their perceptual experiences.

　　__⑤__ These research findings have led to a revision in our understanding of the nature of intelligence.Instead of it being some largely in herited fixed power of the mind，we now see it as a set of developed skills with which a person copes with any environment.These skills have to be learned and，indeed，one of them is learning how to learn.

　　Paragraph①______

　　A.Main Results of Recent Researches

　　B.Difference between Genetic and observed Intelligence

　　C.Effect of Environment on Intelligence

　　D.Intelligence and Achievement

　　E.Impact on School Education

　　F.A Changed View of Intelligence

　　17

　　Paragraph②______

　　A.Main Results of Recent Researches

　　B.Difference between Genetic and observed Intelligence

　　C.Effect of Environment on Intelligence

　　D.Intelligence and Achievement

　　E.Impact on School Education

　　F.A Changed View of Intelligence

　　18

　　Paragraph③______

　　A.Main Results of Recent Researches

　　B.Difference between Genetic and observed Intelligence

　　C.Effect of Environment on Intelligence

　　D.Intelligence and Achievement

　　E.Impact on School Education

　　F.A Changed View of Intelligence

　　19

　　Paragraph④______

　　A.Main Results of Recent Researches

　　B.Difference between Genetic and observed Intelligence

　　C.Effect of Environment on Intelligence

　　D.Intelligence and Achievement

　　E.Impact on School Education

　　F.A Changed View of Intelligence

　　20

　　Paragraph⑤______

　　A.Main Results of Recent Researches

　　B.Difference between Genetic and observed Intelligence

　　C.Effect of Environment on Intelligence

　　D.Intelligence and Achievement

　　E.Impact on School Education

　　F.A Changed View of Intelligence

　　21

　　It was once believed _______，and thus we can tell how successful he/she will be in the future according to his/her intelligence.

　　A.born to be more intelligent or less intelligent

　　B.have a better chance to develop his intelligence

　　C.can’t be observed and measured

　　D.that intelligence was something a baby was born with

　　E.and because of the lack of communication with his classmates

　　F.and partly has to do with a child’s living environment

　　22

　　More recent researches has shown that intelligence is only partly inherited __________.

　　A.born to be more intelligent or less intelligent

　　B.have a better chance to develop his intelligence

　　C.can’t be observed and measured

　　D.that intelligence was something a baby was born with

　　E.and because of the lack of communication with his classmates

　　F.and partly has to do with a child’s living environment

　　23

　　We can observe and measure observed intelligence，but genetic in Telligence________.

　　A.born to be more intelligent or less intelligent

　　B.have a better chance to develop his intelligence

　　C.can’t be observed and measured

　　D.that intelligence was something a baby was born with

　　E.and because of the lack of communication with his classmates

　　F.and partly has to do with a child’s living environment

　　24

　　It can be inferred from the passage that 8 child will_____if he has more opportunities to communicate with others by means of language.

　　A.born to be more intelligent or less intelligent

　　B.have a better chance to develop his intelligence

　　C.can’t be observed and measured

　　D.that intelligence was something a baby was born with

　　E.and because of the lack of communication with his classmates

　　F.and partly has to do with a child’s living environment

　　25

　　Children were not just_____，but they can be taught to be more intelligent at school

　　A.born to be more intelligent or less intelligent

　　B.have a better chance to develop his intelligence

　　C.can’t be observed and measured

　　D.that intelligence was something a baby was born with

　　E.and because of the lack of communication with his classmates

　　F.and partly has to do with a child’s living environment

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