A
a
[誤] I think it is an useful English dictionary.
[正] I think it is a useful English dictionary.
[析] 在不定冠詞a與an的用法中要注意的一點是:an用在以元音開頭的詞之前;而a則用在以輔音開頭的詞之前。要特別注意的是以u字母打頭的單詞,如useful,university等,其第一個音標是[j],所以要特別予以注意。
[誤] I need a hour to finish this letter.
[正] I need an hour to finish this letter.
[析] 要注意hour和honest的第一個字母不發音。
[誤] My teacher is a unknown man, but he is a very good man.
[正] My teacher is an unknown man, but he is a very good man.
[析] 要注意以u打頭的單詞,它的發音為[]時,單數名詞前要用an,如uncle等。
[誤] There is a "f" in the word "football".
[正] There is an "f" in the word "football".
[析] 英文字母單獨使用時,如其第一個發音是元音時,其前面的不定冠詞應該用an而不是a.
[誤] I have a little brother. He is a 8yearold boy.
[正] I have a little brother. He is an 8yearold boy.
[析] 要注意這些字母的第一個發音為元音,如eight, eleven等。
able
[誤] This bike is able to be repaired.
[正] This bike can be repaired.
[析] be able to 主要表達某事或某人具有某種能力去作某事,應譯為"有本領"、"有能力"、"可以"作某事,如:I‘m able to swim across this river. 而can可以用來表示具有接受能力或吸收能力。如:This radio can be repaired here.
about
[誤] This class is about to begin just now.
[正] This class is about to begin.
[析] 要注意be about to 是"將要"的意思,含有將來時之意,不要與表示過去時的時間狀語連用。另外,be about to 一般用作書面語,對應的口語是be going to.
about on
about與on都可以作"關于"講,但卻有所不同,例如:This book is about physics. 應譯為"這是一本關于物理學的科普讀物。"而:This book is on physics.則應譯為"這是一本物理學方面的專著。"
above
[誤] The temperature is five degrees over zero.
[正] The temperature is five degrees above zero.
[析] 表達"在……上方"時,above與over是可以互換的,如:The sky is above(or over)our heads. 但是要表達在垂直方向上的上方時則應用above不可用over,如:The sun has risen above the horizon.
[誤] There is often thick cloud above the South of China in summer.
[正] There is often thick cloud over the South of China in summer.
[析] 當表達覆蓋之意時,只可用over而不能用above.
[誤] There is a bridge above the river.
[正] There is a bridge over the river.
[析] 用來表達"從……上方越過"時不能用above只能用over,如:The plane flew over the city. 但要注意There is waterfall above the bridge. 則應譯為"在橋的上游有一個瀑布。"
across
[誤] He ran across the wood.
[正] He ran through the wood.
[析] across是指某一動作在一平面內進行,而through則是指該動作在一三維立體空間的運動過程。如:The man came in through the window. He walked across the square.
across
across的主要用法有兩個。其一,意為"對面",如:There is a school just across the street. 其二,意為"橫過",如:He walked across the street.
afraid
[誤] I dont‘t afraid of him.
[正] I am not afraid of him.
[析] 要注意"害怕"afraid一詞在英語中不是動詞,而是形容詞,要與be動詞連用。
after
[誤] Two weeks after he left.
[正] Two weeks later he left.
[正] He left after two weeks.
[析] 要表達"在多少時間之后",英語中有兩種表達法,即:用later時,要時間在前,如three hours later; 而用after時要時間在后,如after three hours.
[誤] My father will be back after a few hours.
[正] My father will be back in a few hours.
[析] 受中文的影響,這個介詞常常被誤用。當你要表達在一段時間內某個動作可以完成時,一定要用in,而不能用after,因為after是指在某一時間之后。例如:This work will be done in two days. 即表明在兩天內這一工作一定會做完。而如用了after,即表示在兩天之后,完成的時間是不確定的。
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