再如： Brendan’s best friend is Tip。 They teach each other things and they look after each other。 Tip has helped Brendan become more responsible and more caring。 Brendan is a nine-year-old boy， and Tip is a ten-year old dog。 Brendan and Tip are an example of how owning a dog can have a good effect on a child’s development。

　　請問這一段的主旨是什么?也可以出What’s the passage mainly about?的題。

　　A.Lessons children learn from a dog。

　　B.Advice on owning a dog for children。

　　C.The relationship between children and dogs。

　　D.The good effects on children of owning a dog。

　　分析：此段文字為歸納思維，開篇舉了一個實例引入主題： Brendan and Tip are an example of how owning a dog can have a good effect on a child’s development。 所以答案為D。此時會有同學疑惑我讀完整篇文章感覺A也像正確答案，但實際情況卻非如此因為A答案與原文相比省略了一個詞owning 或having ，這種答案叫偷梁換柱，考的就是細心人很不是過于相信自己能力的人。

　　再如：When students and parents are asked to grade subjects according to their importance， the arts are usually at the bottom of the list。 Music is nice， people seem to say， but not important。 Too often it is only viewed as entertainment， but certainly not an education priority(優先)。 This view is shortsighted。 In fact， music education is very important for all students。

　　What is the main idea of the passage?

　　A。 Music education is worth more attention。

　　B。 Music should be of top education priority。

　　C。 Music is really a good communication tool。

　　D。 Music education makes students more imaginative。

　　用上文陳述的方法可選出答案為A。劃線句為中心句，本段文字以時間狀語從句開頭引入中心，即音樂教育更值得關注。

　　F。 文章題目選擇題。說明文和議論文要使用中心詞對應法，記敘文使用中心任務對應法。同樣列舉上文C中題型的文字為例：

　　To err is human。 To blame(責備) the other guy is even more human。

　　Common sense is not all that common。

　　Why tell the truth when you can come up with a good excuse?

　　These three popular misquotes(戲謔的引語)are meant to be jokes， and yet they tell us a lot about human nature。 To err， or to make mistakes， is indeed a part of being human， but it seems that most people don’t want to accept the responsibility for the problem。 Perhaps it is the natural thing to do。 The original quote about human nature went like this： “To err is human， to forgive， divine(神圣的)。” This saying mirrors an ideal： People should be forgiving of others’ mistakes。 Instead， we tend to do the opposite – find someone else to pass the blame on to。 However， taking responsibility for something that went wrong is a mark of great maturity(成熟)。

　　Common sense is what we call clear thought。 Having common sense means having a good general plan that will make things work well， and it also means staying with the plan。 Common sense tells you that you take an umbrella out into a rainstorm， but you leave the umbrella home when you hear a weather forecast for sunshine。 Common sense does not seem to be common for large companies， because there are so many things going on that one person cannot be in charge of everything。 People say that in a large company， “the right hand does not know what the left hand is doing。”

　　And what is wrong with a society that thinks that making up a good excuse is like creating a work of art? One of the common problems with making excuses is that people， especially young people， get the idea that it’s okay not to be totally honest all the time。 There is a corollary(直接推論)to that： if a good excuse is “good” even if it isn’t honest， then where is the place of the truth?

　　What would be the best title for this passage?

　　A。 A Mirror of Human Nature

　　B。 To Blame or to Forgive

　　C。 A Mark of Maturity

　　D。 Truth or Excuse

　　解析：三段文字哪句具有總結特點?為劃線句。為什么?因為文章開頭列舉三個戲謔引語，其作用在于引入主題，即為劃線句。所以答案為A。人的本性的一面鏡子。中心詞為Human Nature。

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