Section C

　　Passage 1

　　You dream about being a movie star. You'll live in a big house in Hollywood, go to the Oscars every year—and win! You'll be rich and famous. Wait a minute, you also hate having your photo taken, and you're very shy, so how could you ever become a movie star?

　　Choosing the right career can be hard. Many people graduate from school or college not knowing what to do with their lives, and get a job without really thinking about it. For some, things work out fine, but others often find themselves stuck in a job they hate. Your working life lasts an average of forty years, so it's important to find a job you like and feel enthusiastic about. Luckily, there are many ways you can get help to do this.

　　The Australian website, www.careersonline.com, compares choosing a career with going to the movies. Before you see a movie, you find out what films are showing. The site suggests you should do the same with your career—find out what jobs are available and what your options are. Next, decide which movie you like best; if you're not a romantic person, you won't want to see a love story. In other words, with your career, you should decide which job will suit your personality. Finally, decide how to get movie tickets, and find out where the theater is before you go. With your career, you need to find information about where you can work, and how to get a job in that profession.

　　So, how do you start? Begin by asking yourself some questions. Some jobs require you to have certain life experiences: Have you traveled overseas? Do you have any extra certificates besides your degree, such as a first aid license, for example? Your physical state and build can also affect which-jobs you can do. A person, for example, who is allergic to cats would probably never become an animal doctor. Flight attendants, firefighters, and police officers have to be over a certain height, and be physically fit. Your personality matters, too. Are you outgoing or shy? If you like working alone, a job that requires lots of teamwork might not suit you.

　　Choosing a career can take time and a lot of thought. However, when you know you can look forward to working in your dream job, you'll be glad you thought it through.

　　Questions 16-18 are based on the recording you have just heard.

　　Q16: What does the speaker say about many college graduates?

　　答案: D) They choose a job without thinking it through.

　　A) They get bored after working for a period of time.

　　B) They spend an average of one year finding a job.

　　C) They become stuck in the same job for decades.

　　D)They choose a job without thinking it through.

　　Q17: What does the Australian website suggest you do first to find a suitable job?

　　答案: B) Find out what job choices are available.

　　A)See if there will be chances for promotion.

　　B)Find out what job choices are available.

　　C)Watch a film about ways of job hunting.

　　D)Decide which job is most attractive to you.

　　Q18:What should you think about when you look for the right job according to the Australian website?

　　答案: A) The qualifications you have.

　　A)The qualifications you have.

　　B)The pay you are going to get.

　　C)The culture of your target company.

　　D)The work environment you will be in.

　　解析：

　　講座1講述該如何做職涯選擇。開頭提到多數畢業生對職業選擇沒有太多想法，甚至選擇工作也不多做考慮;對應第16題。而該澳洲網站將選擇合適的工作以去看電影做為比喻。首先須考慮有哪些電影在上映，因而工作有那些可選項也是求職的首要考慮;對應第17題。在選擇喜歡的電影后，必須考慮的是買票的問題，呼應求職，即為個人的資歷和資格;對應第18題。

　　Passage 2

　　Kwanzaa is a cultural festival during which African-Americans celebrate and reflect upon their rich heritage as the products of two worlds. It begins December 26 and lasts for seven days.

　　Kwanzaa was founded in 1966 by Dr. Karenga, a college professor and African-American leader, who believed that a special holiday could help African-Americans meet their goals of building strong families, learning about their history, and creating a sense of unity.

　　After conducting extensive research in which he studied the festivals of many African groups of people, he decided that the new holiday should be a harvest or "first fruits" celebration, incorporating ideas from many different harvest traditions. Kwanzaa is a KiSwahili word meaning "the first fruits of the harvest."

　　The East African language of KiSwahili was chosen as the official language of Kwanzaa because it is a non-tribal language, spoken by a large portion of the African population. Also, its pronunciation is easy.

　　Kwanzaa is based on seven principles which are unity, self-determination, collective work and responsibility, cooperative economics, purpose, creativity and faith. One principle is highlighted each day of the holiday.

　　In preparation for the celebration, a straw mat is placed on the table, along with a candle holder with seven candles, one black, three red, and three green. The black candle represents the African-American people, the red is for their struggles, and the green represents their hopes for the future.

　　Other items placed on the table are a variety of fruit, ears of corns, gifts, and a communal unity cup for pouring and sharing drinks.

　　Each day of Kwanzaa, usually before the evening meal, family and friends gather around the table and someone lights a candle, beginning with the black. After that, candles are lit alternately from left to right. While the candle is being lit, a principle is recited; then each person present takes a turn to speak about the importance that principle has to himself or herself.

　　Next the ceremony focuses on remembering those who have died. A selected person pours water or juice from the unity cup into a bowl. That person then drinks from the cup and raises it high saying "Harambee" which means "Let's all pull together." All repeat "Harambee!" seven times and each person drinks from the cup. Then names of African-American leaders and heroes are called out, and everyone reflects upon the great things these people did. The ceremony is followed by a meal, and then singing and perhaps listening to African music.

　　Questions 19-22 are based on the recording you have just heard.

　　Q19: What does the speaker say about Kwanzaa?

　　答案: B) It is a cultural festival founded for African-Americans.

　　A)It is as important as Christmas for African-Americans.

　　B)It is a cultural festival founded for African-Americans.

　　C)It is an ancient festival celebrated by African-Americans.

　　D)It is a religious festival celebrated by African-Americans.

　　Q20: For what purpose did Dr. Karenga create this special holiday?

　　答案: C) To help African-Americans to realize their goals.

　　A) To urge African-Americans to do more for society.

　　B) To call on African-Americans to worship their gods.

　　C) To help African-Americans to realize their goals.

　　D) To remind African-Americans of their sufferings.

　　Q21: What does the word "Kwanzaa" mean?

　　答案: B) The first fruits of the harvest.

　　A) Faith in self-determination. C) Unity and cooperative economics.

　　B) The first fruits of the harvest. D) Creative work and achievement.

　　Q22: What did people do while each candle was being lit at the Kwanzaa celebration?

　　答案: A) They recite a principle.

　　A) They recite a principle. C) They drink wind from the unity cup.

　　B) They take a solemn oath. D) They call out their ancestors’ names.

　　解析：

　　講座2開始即點出本篇介紹的是非裔美國人的文化節日，寬扎節，即第19題答案。Karenga教授是一個非洲裔美國學者，1966年創立寬扎節作為第一個非洲裔美國人的假期。他相信透過這樣的節日可以讓非裔美國人達到創建穩固家庭關系、了解自身歷史、促進團結等目標;對應第20題答案。寬扎節的”Kwanzaa”意為第一次收獲”;對應第21題答案。其慶祝方式為以燭光儀式揭開序幕，每天點燃一支蠟燭，每天點燃一支蠟燭，象征非裔美國人的七個原則：團結、自決、共同生活、合作經濟、目的、創造和信念。點燃蠟燭時，便朗誦一個原則。此為第22題答案。

　　Passage 3

　　The Mediterranean diet is based upon the eating patterns of traditional cultures in the Mediterranean region.

　　Several noted nutritionists and research projects have concluded that this diet is one of the most healthful in the world in terms of preventing such illnesses as heart disease and cancer, and increasing life expectancy.

　　The countries that have inspired the Mediterranean diet all surround the Mediterranean Sea. These cultures have eating habits that developed over thousands of years. In Europe, parts of Italy, Greece, Portugal, Spain, and southern France adhere to principles of the Mediterranean diet, as do Morocco and Tunisia in North Africa. Parts of the Balkan region and Turkey follow the diet, as well as Middle Eastern countries like Lebanon and Syria. The Mediterranean region is warm and sunny, and produces large supplies of fresh fruits and vegetables almost year round that people eat many times a day. Wine, bread, olive oil, and nuts, are other staples of the region, and the Mediterranean Sea has historically yielded abundant quantities of fish.

　　International interest in the therapeutic qualities of the Mediterranean diet began back in the late 1950s, when medical researchers started to link the occurrence of heart disease with diet. Dr. Ancel Keys performed an epidemiological analysis of diets around the world. Entitled the Seven Countries Study, is considered one of the greatest epidemiological studies ever performed. In it, Keys gathered data on heart disease and its potential causes from nearly 13,000 men in Greece, Italy, Croatia, Serbia, Japan, Finland, the Netherlands, and the United States. The study was conducted over a period of decades. It concluded that the Mediterranean people in the study enjoyed some significant health advantages. The Mediterranean groups had lower mortality rates in all age brackets and from all causes, particularly from heart disease. The study also showed that the Mediterranean diet is as high or higher in fat than other diets, obtaining up to 40% of all its calories from fat. It has, however, different patterns of fat intake. Mediterranean cooking uses smaller amounts of saturated fat and higher amounts of unsaturated fat, mostly in the form of olive oil. Saturated fats are fats that are found principally in meat and dairy products, although some nuts and vegetable oils also contain them. Saturated fats are used by the body to make cholesterol, and high levels of cholesterol have since been directly related to heart disease.

　　Questions 23-25 are based on the recording you have just heard.

　　Q23. What has research concluded about the Mediterranean diet?

　　答案: A) It is one of the world’s most healthy diets.

　　A) It is one of the world’s most healthy diets.

　　B) It contains large amounts of dairy products.

　　C) It began to impact the world in recent years.

　　D) It consists mainly of various kinds of seafood.

　　Q24. What do we learn about the Seven Countries Study?

　　答案: C) It is regarded as one of the greatest researches of its kind.

　　A) It involved 13,000 researchers from Asia, Europe and America.

　　B) It was conducted in seven Mid-Eastern countries in the 1950s.

　　C) It is regarded as one of the greatest researches of its kind.

　　D) It has drawn the attention of medical doctors the world over.

　　Q25. What do we learn about the Mediterranean people from the Seven Countries Study?

　　答案: D) They have lower mortality rates.

　　A) They care much about their health. C) They use little oil in cooking.

　　B) They eat foods with little fat. D) They have lower mortality rates.

　　解析：

　　講座3介紹地中海飲食法，建基于地中海地區的傳統飲食習慣和文化而得名。數字知名營養學家從研究中得出地中海飲食法是世界上最健康飲食方法之一的結論，對應第23題。國際間對地中海飲食法的興趣是從1950年代的”七國研究”開始的。此研究被認為是

　　流行病學史中最偉大的研究之一;對應第24題答案。此研究結果指出，地中海地區人民的全年齡分段的死亡率低于其他分組地區人民，可能是由于其飲食習慣;對應第25題。

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