第 1 頁：作文

第 2 頁：快速閱讀

第 3 頁：聽力

第 4 頁：仔細閱讀

第 5 頁：完型

第 6 頁：翻譯

　　選詞填空

　　With the world’s population estimated to grow from six to nine billion by 2050, researchers, businesses and governments are already dealing with the impact this increase will have on everything from food and water to infrastructure and jobs. Underlying all this (47) will be the demand for energy, which is expected to double over the next 40 years.

　　Finding the resources to meet this demand in a (48), sustainable way is the cornerstone of our nation’s energy security, and will be one of the major (49) of the 21^st century. Alternative forms of energy – bio-fuels, wind and solar, to name a few – are (50) being funded and developed, and will play a growing (51) in the world’s energy supply. But experts say that even when ()52, alternative energy sources will likely meet only about 30% of the world’s needs by 2050.

　　For example, even with (53) investments, such as $93 million for wind energy development (54) in the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, important alternative energy sources such as wind and bio-fuels (55) only about 1% of the market today.

　　Energy and sustainability experts say the answer to our future energy needs will likely come from a lot of (56) – both traditional and alternative.

首先將15個備選詞標上詞性：

A. stable (a.)                   I. exactly (ad.)

B. solutions (n.)              J. consist (v.)

C. significant (a.)           K. comprise (v.)

D. role (n.)                     L. competitions (n.)

E. progress (n.)              M. combined (v.)

F. marvelous (a.)           N. challenges (n.)

G. included (v.)             O. certainly (a.)

H. growth (n.)

 

47、根據this確定此空必然填一單數名詞，15詞中D/E/H備選，E/H相似，其中必有一個答案，前文所說人口、能源消耗等，均只能用“增長”來指代，而不能說是進步；故選擇H.growth，根據相似原則，E和H可以一起劃去。

48、本空與后面的sustainable并列，于是需要填一個形容詞，與“可持續”的意象相近的選項為A.stable（穩定的）。

49、本空前面為形容詞major, 于是這里需要填入名詞，之前還有one of，于是填入復數名詞，在N與B中選。本句主語是“找尋”某資源，所以這被概括為一種挑戰更為恰當，因此選擇N.challenges。

50、本空所在句不缺任何成分，并且其還出現在被動語態be動詞和實義動詞之間，所以必然填入副詞，I和O中O.certainly更為符合。

51、空前a growing表明此處填名詞，再往前看有個動詞play，因此填入D.role構成習語play a role

52、所在半句中除了when只有一個空，所以這空必然是非謂語動詞作狀語，選擇M.combined，表示“即使當所有資源結合被使用時，這些替代資源也只能解決人類在2050年對能源需求的30%。”

53、空后Investments為名詞，此處填入形容詞，剩下形容詞中只有C.significant可表示可觀的、大量的，形容投資非常多。F項與其含義接近，根據相似原則，也可以一并劃除。

54、本空出現在名詞development之后，整句在such as所引導的例子里，本應為一整個名詞性結構，而其后又有專有名詞ARRA，于是此處應填入非謂語動詞作development的后置定語，剩下詞中只有G.included這一個。

55、空后有明顯語言標志1%，因此這里應該選擇表示組成、構成、占有的K.comprise, 根據相似原則，J也可以排除。

56、此處在a lot of之后，因此填入復數名詞，整句意為“能源與可持續專家認為，日后能源需求的解決可能將來自于許多傳統和替代的_______。”還剩下“解決方式”和“競爭”兩個選項；B.solutions更符合語義。

　　仔細閱讀

　　Passage One

　　來自英國衛報(The Guardian): single-sex schools help boys to enjoy arts, says study

　　57.Boys' schools are the perfect place to teach young men to express their emotions and are more likely to get involved in activities such as art, dance and music, according to research released today.

　　Far from the traditional image of a culture of aggressive masculinity in which students either sink or swim, the absence of girls gives boys the chance to develop without pressure to conform to a stereo*type, the US study says.

　　57.Boys at single sex schools were said to be more likely to get involved in cultural and artistic activities that helped develop their emotional expressiveness, rather than feeling they had to conform to the "boy code" of hiding their emotions to be a "real man".

　　The report, presented at a conference of the International Boys' Schools Coalition in London attended by the heads of private and state schools, goes against 58.received wisdom that boys do better when taught alongside girls.

　　The headmaster of Eton, Tony Little, warned that boys were being failed by the British education system because 59.it had become too focused on girls. He criticised teachers for failing to recognise that boys are actually more emotional than girls, despite the fact that girls "turn on the waterworks".

　　The research argued that boys often perform badly in mixed schools because they become demoralised when their female counterparts do better earlier in verbal skills and reading, because the left side of the brain develops faster in girls. They also felt they had to be "cool" rather than studious.

　　 60.But in single sex schools teachers are able to tailor lessons to boys' learning style, letting them move around the classroom and getting them to compete in teams to prevent boredom, wrote the study's author, education expert Abigail James, of the University of Virginia.

　　Teachers could encourage boys to enjoy reading and writing with specifically "boy-focused" approaches such as themes and characters that appeal to them. Boys in boys' schools "loved" to pen verse because they enjoyed the "inherent structure in poems", James said. Because, the researchers say, boys generally have better spatial skills, more acute vision, learn best through touch, are more impulsive and more physically active, they need to be given "hands-on" lessons where they are allowed to walk around, with this natural impulse not seen as disruptive. "Boys in mixed schools view classical music as feminine and prefer the modern genre in which violence and sexism are major themes," James wrote.

　　61.Single sex education also made it less likely that boys would feel they had to conform to a stereotype gained from the media by girls that men should be "masterful and in charge" in relationships. "In the present sexualised atmosphere prevalent in mixed schools, boys feel coerced into acting like men before they understand themselves well enough to know what that means," the report said.

解析：

　　57. The author believes that a single-sex school would _____.

　　A. force boys to hide their emotions to be “real men”

　　B. help to cultivate masculine aggressiveness in boys

　　C. encourage boys to express their emotions more freely

　　D. naturally reinforce in boys the traditional image of a man

　　選擇 encourage boys to express their emotions more freely
　　題目問男生學校可以怎樣，原文前三段基本都在敘述男校對男生藝術情操方面的發展有著更好的促進作用。  

　　58. It is commonly believed that in a mixed school boys _____.

　　A. perform relatively better

　　B. grow up more healthily

　　C. behave more responsibly

　　D. receive a better education

　　選擇 perform relatively better
　　本題較難，題干問通常大家都認為在男女同校的學校中男生都怎樣。
　　原文四段末句中received wisdom表示常識或者被多數人所接受的觀點，于是后面的部分是本題的出題點。

　　59. What does Tony Little say about the British education system?

　　A. It fails more boys than girls academically.

　　B. It focuses more on mixed school education.

　　C. It fails to give boys the attention they need.

　　D. It places more pressure on boys than on girls.

　　選擇 it fails to give boys the attention they need
　　原文紅字處說這些體制都更關心女生，取反之后意為這些體制都沒那么關心男生，于是與此選項對應。

　　60. According to Abigail James, one of the advantages of single-sex schools is _____.

　　A. teaching can be tailored to suit the characteristics of boys

　　B. boys can focus on their lessons without being distracted

　　C. boys can choose to learn whatever they are interested in

　　D. teaching can be designed to promote boys’ team spirit

　　選擇 teaching can be tailored to suit the characteristics of boys
　　原文紅字說在男校里，老師可以"根據男生的學習風格量身定制(tailor)課程"  

　　61. Which of the following is characteristic of boys according to Abigail James’ report?

　　A. They enjoy being in charge.

　　B. They conform to stereotypes.

　　C. They have sharper vision.

　　D. They are violent and sexist.

　　選擇 they conform to stereotype
　　文章最后兩段都是在總結人們對男生的一般印象以及男校如何避免一些問題的出現，James的實驗提及許多男生都正遵循著老套的路線發展，即本選項的同義改寫；其余選項均是例舉中的具體內容，包含于此答案。

 

Passage Two

　　來自英國衛報（The Guradian）: Are money problems driving you apart?

It's an annual argument. Do we or do we not go on holiday? My partner says no because the boiler could go, or the roof fall off, and we have no savings to save us. I say that you only live once and we work hard and what's the point if you can't go on holiday. The joy of a recession means no argument next year – we just won't go.

 　　Since money is reputed to be one of the things most likely to bring a relationship to its knees, we should be grateful. For many families the recession means more than not booking a holiday. A YouGov poll of 2,000 people in May this year found 22% said they were arguing more with their partners because of concerns about money. What's less clear is whether divorce and separation rates rise in a recession – financial pressures mean couples argue more but make splitting up less affordable. A recent report shows arguments about money were especially damaging to couples – even more so to their children. Disputes were characterised by intense verbal aggression, tended to be repeated and not resolved, and made men, more than women, extremely angry.

 Kim Stephenson, an occupational psychologist, believes money is such a big deal because of what it symbolises, which may be different things to men and women. "People can say the same things about money but have different conceptions of what it is for," he explains. "They will say it's to save, to spend, for security, for freedom, to show someone you love them." He says men are more likely to see money as a way of buying status and of showing their parents that they've achieved something.

 "The biggest problem is that couples assume each other knows what is going on with their finances, but they don't. There seems to be more of a taboo about talking about money than talking about death. But you both need to know what you are doing, who is paying what into the joint account and how much you keep separately. In a healthy relationship you don't have to agree about money, but you have to talk about it."

 

　　62. What does the author say about vacationing?

　　A. People enjoy it all the more during a recession.

　　B. Few people can afford it without working hard.

　　C. It makes all the hard work worthwhile.

　　D. It is the chief cause of family disputes.

　　選擇 It makes all the hard work worthwhile.
　　對應原文首段中作者評論句:"I say you only live once and we work hard and what's the point if you can't go on holiday."  

　　63. What does the author mean by saying “money is known…to bring a relationship to its knees”?

　　A. Money is considered to be the root of all evils.

　　B. Some people sacrifice their dignity for money.

　　C. Few people can resist the temptation of money.

　　D. Disputes over money may ruin a relationship.

　　選擇 Disputes over money may ruin a relationship.
　　對應原文的句子字面意思為"金錢是最有可能讓一段關系下跪的東西之一"，全段又在說關于金錢的討論對兩人間關系的影響，可見應該選擇此答案。

　　64. The YouGov poll of 2,000 people indicates that in a recession _____.

　　A. conflicts between couples tend to rise

　　B. it is more expensive for couples to split up

　　C. couples show more concern for each other

　　D. divorce and separation rates increase

　　選擇 Conflicts between couples tend to rise.
　　對應原文二段中實驗結果:"...found 22% said they were arguing more with their partners..."  

　　65. What dose Kim Stephenson believe?

　　A. Money is often a symbol of a person’s status.

　　B. Money means a great deal to both men and women.

　　C. Men and women spend money on different things.

　　D. Men and women view money in different ways.

　　選擇 Men andwomen view money in different ways.
　　對應四段首句:'KS, ..., believes money is such a big deal because of what it symbolises, which make be different things to men and women."

　　66. The author suggests at the end of the passage that couples should _____.

　　A. put their money together instead of keeping it separately

　　B. make efforts to reach agreement on their family budgets

　　C. discuss money matters to maintain a healthy relationship

　　D. avoid arguing about money matters to remain romantic

　　選擇 discuss money matters to maintain a healthy relationship
　　對應原文最后一句:'In a healthy relationship, you don't have to agree about money, but you have to talk about it."