第一單元 寫作基本要求
一、四種文體
1、記敘文 環境(WHERE)、人物(WHO)、情節(WHAT) 時間順序往往是記敘手法的基本線索,用一些表示時間的詞語(如:WHEN,WHILE,BEFORE,AFTER,THEN,DURING,SUDDENLY,AT LAST等等)把一系列事件和動作連接起來,構成一個完整的敘述。
“An Early Morning Walk” 提綱: 1、One morning I got up very early, and everything around was very quiet. 2、When I arrived at the park, I found, to my surprise, that there were so many people there……
3、……Taking early morning walks makes a man healthy and wise.
2、描寫文 空間順序往往是描寫手法的基本線索,用一些表示空間的詞語(如HERE,THERE,OUTSIDE,ON THE TOP OF,IN THE MIDDLE,AROUND,ABOVE,UNDER,NEAR等等)把一系列地點和物體連接起來,構成一個完整的敘述。 As I came into my cousin’s bedroom, I got really surprised, for I had never seen such a mess and disorder in the room of a young man of 16 years old already. On the right wall, a row of hooks was covered with dirty sweet-shirts and filthy hats. Directly in front of me was a dusty desk, on which scattered lots of books, some of which were open as if waiting for my lazy brother’s attention; others were piled up in disorder ready to slide down at any moment. Near the desk, there was a toppled poor chair on the floor with one leg damaged. What’s worse, the bed which was against the left wall was a more serious mess and the pairs of sports shoes and socks under the bed gave out a terrible smell. What a room at sixes and sevens!
3、說明文 寫作目的著重客觀陳述、解釋說明 例如“How I Overcome Difficulties in Learning English”, “My Ideal Job”等。
4、議論文* 著重于發表自己看法,依靠推理和論證來闡述自己的觀點,力圖說服讀者,使人相信某種道理或某種假設;或要影響別人,使人追隨自己所指示的方向。 “Examination” 1、There are many arguments about the advantages and disadvantages of examination. 2、For both examiners and examinees, the examination can show what and how much the examinees have mastered. 3、In sum, examination does more good that harm for both examiners and examinees.
二、評價一篇文章好壞的標準 一篇優秀作文的標準為: 1. 內容切題,有較好的謀篇構段框架,文章結構完整;緊扣主題,轉承銜接自然; 2. 語法基本正確,句法基本準確,句子與句子、段落之間過渡連貫; 3. 用詞面廣,遣詞造句得當,句式、句型有變化,字數符合要求; 4. 層次分明,說理清楚,語言流暢,內容充實。
一篇較差的作文表現為: 1. 文章不通順,無段落,無結構,無明顯主題; 2. 出現很多基本語法錯誤和拼寫錯誤; 3. 詞匯量很小,詞不達意,缺乏英語表達能力; 4. 不像一篇文章,僅是把一些不連貫的詞語湊到一起。
文章解析
(1) In the past five years, there have been changes in people’s diet. Grain, as the main food of most Chinese, is now playing a less important role in people’s diet, while the proportion of some high-energy food, such as milk, meat has increased. What caused these changes? I think there are two reasons. First, people now have more money. The price of meat and milk is much higher than that of grain. In the old days, people couldn’t afford them. Now they have enough money to but meat and milk. Second, people of nowadays pay more attention to the structure of their diet. They are seeking the most reasonable diet structure which will do good to their health. In short, there have been changes in people’s diet in the past five years and there will be changes in the future, too.
(2) In the past five years people’s diet had changed quite a lot. The grain was no longer the main food of people’s diet. It decreased from 49% to 45%. And the possession of the fruit and vegetables was declined, either. But, however, the necessary of the milk and meat was increased with no doubt. Such case owned to two reasons. On the one hand, the level of people’s lives had greatly advanced. More and more people could afford the expensive food. On the other hand, modern science had been developed with high speed. Then people began to be aware of choosing more useful food. With the developing of the society, people’s diet will change more greatly.
(3) Diet is very important in people’s life. In past five, there is a big change in all kinds of food. For example, Grain. In 1986 it takes 40 percent in Diet in after four years. It discrease 4 per cent in diet; Milk increase 3 per cent in last five years. It grows to 13 per cent in Diet; Meat in 1986-1989, it kept to grow up. An in 1990, it down 2 per cent; Fruit and vegetables is discrease in last five years. Why it will have these changes. It is two side, the first is people began to see that Milk. Meat. Fruit and Vegetable are very importance in people’s bodies, the other is people’s life is quite good. They have enough money to buy Meat, Milk, Etc. They know how to build them bodies. In last five years. Big changes in people’s Diet. It call us more and more people know. Share them Diet and build them bodies.
文章責編:fanfan-83 看了本文的網友還看了
在線名師:王江濤老師 北京新東方學校國內考試部資深教師,北京大學碩士,曾任職于國...[詳細]
中國科學院研究生院權威支持(北京) 電 話:010-62168566 傳 真:010-62192699
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