Part B

　　Directions:

　　Read the following text and match each of the numbered items in the left column to its corresponding information in the right column. There are two extra choices in the right column. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

　　The decline in American manufacturing is a common refrain, particularly from Donald Trump. “We don’t make anything anymore,” he told Fox News, while defending his own made-in-Mexico clothing line.

　　Without question, manufacturing has taken a significant hit during recent decades, and further trade deals raise questions about whether new shocks could hit manufacturing.

　　But there is also a different way to look at the data.

　　Across the country, factory owners are now grappling with a new challenge: instead of having too many workers, they may end up with too few. Despite trade competition and outsourcing, American manufacturing still needs to replace tens of thousands of retiring boomers every years. Millennials may not be that interested in taking their place, other industries are recruiting them with similar or better pay.

　　For factory owners, it all adds up to stiff competition for workers—and upward pressure on wages. “They’re harder to find and they have job offers,” says Jay Dunwell, president of Wolverine Coil Spring, a family-owned firm, “They may be coming [into the workforce], but they’ve been plucked by other industries that are also doing an well as manufacturing,” Mr. Dunwell has begun bringing high school juniors to the factory so they can get exposed to its culture.

　　At RoMan Manufacturing, a maker of electrical transformers and welding equipment that his father cofounded in 1980, Robert Roth keep a close eye on the age of his nearly 200 workers, five are retiring this year. Mr. Roth has three community-college students enrolled in a work-placement program, with a starting wage of $13 an hour that rises to $17 after two years.

　　At a worktable inside the transformer plant, young Jason Stenquist looks flustered by the copper coils he’s trying to assemble and the arrival of two visitors. It’s his first week on the job. Asked about his choice of career, he says at high school he considered medical school before switching to electrical engineering. “I love working with tools. I love creating.” he says.

　　But to win over these young workers, manufacturers have to clear another major hurdle: parents, who lived through the worst US economic downturn since the Great Depression, telling them to avoid the factory. Millennials “remember their father and mother both were laid off. They blame it on the manufacturing recession,” says Birgit Klohs, chief executive of The Right Place, a business development agency for western Michigan.

　　These concerns aren’t misplaced: Employment in manufacturing has fallen from 17 million in 1970 to 12 million in 2013. When the recovery began, worker shortages first appeared in the high-skilled trades. Now shortages are appearing at the mid-skill levels.

　　“The gap is between the jobs that take to skills and those that require a lot of skill,” says Rob Spohr, a business professor at Montcalm Community College. “There’re enough people to fill the jobs at McDonalds and other places where you don’t need to have much skill. It’s that gap in between, and that’s where the problem is. ”

　　Julie Parks of Grand Rapids Community points to another key to luring Millennials into manufacturing: a work/life balance. While their parents were content to work long hours, young people value flexibility. “Overtime is not attractive to this generation. They really want to live their lives,” she says.

　　[A] says that he switched to electrical engineering because he loves working with tools.

　　41. Jay Deuwell[B] points out that there are enough people to fill the jobs that don’t need much skill.

　　42. Jason Stenquist[C] points out that the US doesn’t manufacture anything anymore.

　　43. Birgit Klohs[D] believes that it is important to keep a close eye on the age of his workers.

　　44. Rob Spohr[E] says that for factory owners, workers are harder to find because of stiff competition.

　　45.Julie Parks[F] points out that a work/life balance can attract young people into manufacturing.

　　[G] says that the manufacturing recession is to blame for the lay-off the young people’s parents.

　　【答案】

　　41 [E] says that for factory owners, workers are harder to find because of stiff competition. 42 [A] says that he switched to electrical engineering because he loves working with tools.

　　43 [G] says that the manufacturing recession is to blame for the lay-off the young people’s parents.

　　44 [B] points out that there are enough people to fill the jobs that don’t need much skill

　　45 [F] points out that a work/life balance can attract young people into manufacturing

　　Section III Translation

　　46.Directions:

　　Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)

　　My dream has always been to work somewhere in an area between fashion and publishing. Two years before graduating from secondary school, I took a sewing and design course thinking that I would move on to a fashion design course. However, during that course I realized I was not good enough in this area to compete with other creative personalities in the future, so I decided that it was not the right path for me. Before applying for university I told everyone that I would study journalism, because writing was, and still is, one of my favourite activities. But, to be honest, I said it , because I thought that fashion and me together was just a dream—I knew that no one could imagine me in the fashion industry at all! So I decided to look for some fashion-related courses that included writing. This is when I noticed the course “Fashion Media & Promotion.”【參考譯文】

　　我一直夢想著能找到一個結合時尚與出版的工作。中學畢業前兩年，我學習了縫紉設計課程，認為自己繼而能夠學習時尚設計。然而，期間，發現自己在該領域不夠優秀，不足以在未來與其他富有創造力的人競爭。因此，得出結論：這條道路不適合我。在申請大學之前，我告訴大家自己會選擇新聞專業，因為寫作一直都是我最喜歡的事情之一。但是，說實話，當時這樣說，是因為我認為時尚于我而言就是個夢想。我知道完全沒有人相信我會進入時尚這一行。因此，我決定去尋找一些課程，既與時尚相關、又涉及寫作。就在這時，我注意到了《時尚媒體與營銷》這門課程。

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