主旨標(biāo)題題

　　這個(gè)題型近年來(lái)是考查的重點(diǎn)，08年的真題考到了4個(gè)題目，同時(shí)它也是選項(xiàng)創(chuàng)新中最常實(shí)現(xiàn)的題型。它常常考查就是整篇文章或是某段落的主旨，或者要求為文章選一個(gè)合適的標(biāo)題。

　　它的做法就是要找到文章的要點(diǎn)，而要跳過(guò)行文中大量的細(xì)節(jié)。在一篇文章中往往最為重要就是文章的首末段，而在一個(gè)段落內(nèi)往往最為重要的也是段落的首末句，因此這個(gè)題型的要點(diǎn)就是重點(diǎn)考查文章首末段的首末句，從中得到中心詞以及文章的核心。

　　(07-03-35)Which of the following is the best title for this text?

　　[A] The Middle Class on the Alert [B] The Middle Class on the Cliff.

　　[C] The Middle Class in Conflict. [D] The Middle Class in Ruins.

　　這是標(biāo)題題，重點(diǎn)考查文章主旨。直接看一下文首末段的首末名來(lái)確定答案。從選項(xiàng)可以看出，重點(diǎn)是在討論中產(chǎn)階級(jí)(middle class),主題是一致的。

　　(首段)During the past generation, the American middle-class family that once could count on hard work and fair play to keep itself financially secure had been transformed by economic risk and new realties. Now a pink slip, a bad diagnosis, or a disappearing spouse can reduce a family from solidly middle class to newly poor in a few months.

　　(末段)From the middle-class family perspective, much of this, understandably, looks far less like an opportunity to exercise more financial responsibility, and a good deal more like a frightening acceleration of the wholesale shift of financial risk onto their already overburdened shoulders. The financial fallout has begun, and the political fallout may not be far behind.

　　從首句可以看出主干的核心動(dòng)詞是transform：“改變”。后一句，主體意思表達(dá)也是中產(chǎn)階級(jí)將變窮(reduce to newly poor)。因此這其中負(fù)面的意味非常明顯。

　　從最后一段的首句，析出主干后會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)于中產(chǎn)階級(jí)來(lái)說(shuō)目前的局勢(shì)完全不是機(jī)會(huì)，而是挑戰(zhàn)，(looks far less like an opportunity, and more like an acceleration of risk)可以看出中產(chǎn)階級(jí)的生活正在發(fā)生巨大的變化，處在了懸崖邊上(on the cliff)，答案為B。其余的答案都太大和太小。