四、圖表作文

　　圖表作文要求考生根據圖表所提示的數字或文字等信息，將圖表轉化為文字，解釋說明圖表。通過對圖表的分析，考生要從中找出某種規律或得出結論。這類作文所涉及的圖表大致有表格、條形圖、扇形圖和曲線圖。

　　圖表作文難度較大，在考研英語寫作試題中較為常見。考生除了具有扎實的語言功底，還需要具有一定的數據分析和材料歸納的能力。

　　圖表作文寫作注意事項：

　　1. 仔細審題

　　圖表的題目也就是作文的題目，因此應先分析圖表的標題，然后聯系題目與表中文字的關系。圖表作文的要求通常不是全面地描述圖表，而是對圖表的某些內容進行描述和分析。因此考生要特別注意審題。試題中的圖表可能包含很多信息，考生往往要進行由表及里的分析，才能正確領會要表達的信息。

　　2. 描述圖表時要抓住重點

　　在引用圖表數據時，考生應仔細觀察表中數據的變化，并加以比較和歸納，抓住具有代表性的數據。一般來說，即使題目中沒有“盡可能少引用數字”的指令，考生也無需逐一描述圖表中的各項數據。

　　3. 分析要有一定的說服力

　　考生對圖表的分析不一定要符合非常嚴格的科學考證，但必須要能夠自圓其說，讓人讀后感到言之有理。一般情況下，圖表作文寫作可按三段式結構進行：第一段寫該圖表的主旨;第二段寫圖表的主要信息;第三段得出結論。或者第一段揭示表面現象;第二段揭示深層次原因;第三段表述前景或趨勢。

　　【經典范文】

　　Directions:

　　The table below shows the number of road accidents which occurred in Britain in different places and the ages of the injured persons. Write a report describing the information shown below.

　　Road accidents in Britain

　　When/Where accidents

　　occurredAge

　　2~4Age

　　5~7Age

　　8~11Age

　　11~13Age

　　14~16TOTAL

　　Going to school21383127

　　Going home from school21692231

　　Playing in the street89812651202

　　Cycling into the street110259247

　　Shopping for their parents432132152

　　TOTAL9815281217359

　　The chart above organizes data about road accidents involving children in Britain by and by when and where the accidents occurred. It can be seen that the incidence of accidents decreases as the children�餾 age increases and that age correlates with the circumstances surrounding the accident.

　　For all ages, the most common situation leading to accident is playing in the street but young children were particularly affected. Children between the ages of 5~7 seemed to get into accidents while engaged in activities appropriate to their age, such as shopping for their parents or going home from school. In fact, this age group accounted for the most road accidents of all. Children between 8 and age 11 had the most accidents cycling in the street. After age 11, the number of accidents dropped considerably in all situations.

　　From the chart, we get to know that playing in the street is the most common and universal site of accidents of all ages, but the risks that other sites and situations present vary with the children�餾 ages.

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　　【練習】

　　Directions:

　　Study the following pie chart carefully and write an essay. Your essay should meet the requirements below:

　　1)Describe the pie chart.

　　2)State the possible benefits brought about by the investment.

　　3)Suggest measures helping to attract investment from outside.

　　Investment in Beijing from Different Countries and Regions

　　Hong Kong——44%

　　Japan——19.2%

　　U.S.A.——16%

　　Other 23 countries——21.8%

　　【答案】

　　Since China opened its door to the outside world in 1979, Beijing has made remarkable results in attracting foreign business to invest in joint ventures. According to the pie chart, the investors in different enterprises come from 26 countries and regions. Hong Kong investment ranks first, accounting for 44 per cent of the total. Japan�餾 investment makes up 19.2 per cent, putting it in second spot. Third is the United States at 16 per cent.

　　It is generally believed that Beijing benefits a lot from the outside investment. In the first place, a large number of joint ventures have been set up, which contributes greatly to the development of Capital Economy. Secondly, the foreign�瞚nvested enterprises offer a lot of jobs to the residents in Beijing. This in turn relieves the problem of laid�瞣ff workers in the city. Finally, the high�瞭ech enterprises in the capital will grow rapidly as Beijing enjoys the same preferential policies as coastal cities open to the outside world.

　　As far as the measures to attract outside investment are concerned, I think they are as follows. On the one hand, we should make special efforts to improve the investment environment. On the other hand, we should take advantage of this opportunity to run the present foreign�瞚nvested enterprises efficiently.