句子三：

　　Odd though it sounds, cosmic inflation is a scientifically plausible consequence of some respected ideas in elementary particle physics, and many astrophysicists have been convinced for the better part of a decade that it is true。

　　句子分析：

　　第一、句子可以拆分為三段：

　　Odd though it sounds, / cosmic inflation is a scientifically plausible consequence of some respected ideas in elementary-particle physics, / and many astrophysicists have been convinced for the better part of a decade that it is true。

　　第二、句子的結構：

　　1)主干結構是cosmic inflation is a consequence, and many astrophysicists have been convinced that it is true。其中Odd though it sounds是倒裝的讓步狀語從句，等于 though it sounds odd

　　2) consequence前后有多重定語。

　　3) and many astrophysicists have been convinced為被動結構。

　　4) that it is true是賓語從句。

　　第三、詞的處理：

　　cosmic inflation 宇宙膨脹說

　　scientifically plausible consequence 科學上可信的推論

　　in elementary-particle physics 基本粒子物理學

　　convinced 被說服，相信

　　for the better part of a decade 七八年來

　　參考譯文：

　　宇宙膨脹說雖然聽似奇特，但它是基本粒子物理學中一些公認的理論在科學上看來可信的推論。許多天體物理學家七八年來一直認為這一論說是正確的。

　　句子四：

　　Interest in historical methods has arisen less through external challenge to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline and more from internal quarrels among historians themselves.

　　句子分析：

　　第一、句子可以拆分為三段：

　　Interest in historical methods has arisen / less through external challenge to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline / and more from internal quarrels among historians themselves.

　　第二、句子的結構

　　1)主干結構是一個簡單句：Interest has arisen less through ...and more from.。.

　　2)并列狀語less through ...and more from的翻譯是關鍵，through和from意思完全相同，表示原因，直譯為：比較少的是因為……，更多的原因是……

　　3)challenge后面的不定式短語to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline是它的定語，直譯對歷史作為一門學科的正確性提出異議，internal quarrels后面的介詞短語among historians themselves作quarrels的定語。

　　第三、詞的處理：

　　Interest in historical methods 對歷史方法的關注(興趣)

　　arisen 來自于，產生于challenge質疑，挑戰

　　validity 真實性，正確性as an intellectual discipline作為一門學問(一個學科領域)

　　internal quarrels 內部意見不統一，內部分歧

　　參考譯文：

　　人們之所以關注歷史研究的方法論，主要是因為史學界內部意見不一，其次是因為外界并不認為歷史是一門學問。

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