句子三：

　　Odd though it sounds, cosmic inflation is a scientifically plausible consequence of some respected ideas in elementary particle physics, and many astrophysicists have been convinced for the better part of a decade that it is true。

　　句子分析：

　　第一、句子可以拆分為三段：

　　Odd though it sounds, / cosmic inflation is a scientifically plausible consequence of some respected ideas in elementary-particle physics, / and many astrophysicists have been convinced for the better part of a decade that it is true。

　　第二、句子的結(jié)構(gòu)：

　　1)主干結(jié)構(gòu)是cosmic inflation is a consequence, and many astrophysicists have been convinced that it is true。其中Odd though it sounds是倒裝的讓步狀語從句，等于 though it sounds odd

　　2) consequence前后有多重定語。

　　3) and many astrophysicists have been convinced為被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。

　　4) that it is true是賓語從句。

　　第三、詞的處理：

　　cosmic inflation 宇宙膨脹說

　　scientifically plausible consequence 科學(xué)上可信的推論

　　in elementary-particle physics 基本粒子物理學(xué)

　　convinced 被說服，相信

　　for the better part of a decade 七八年來

　　參考譯文：

　　宇宙膨脹說雖然聽似奇特，但它是基本粒子物理學(xué)中一些公認(rèn)的理論在科學(xué)上看來可信的推論。許多天體物理學(xué)家七八年來一直認(rèn)為這一論說是正確的。

　　句子四：

　　Interest in historical methods has arisen less through external challenge to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline and more from internal quarrels among historians themselves.

　　句子分析：

　　第一、句子可以拆分為三段：

　　Interest in historical methods has arisen / less through external challenge to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline / and more from internal quarrels among historians themselves.

　　第二、句子的結(jié)構(gòu)

　　1)主干結(jié)構(gòu)是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句：Interest has arisen less through ...and more from.。.

　　2)并列狀語less through ...and more from的翻譯是關(guān)鍵，through和from意思完全相同，表示原因，直譯為：比較少的是因?yàn)椤�…，更多的原因是…�?/P>

　　3)challenge后面的不定式短語to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline是它的定語，直譯對(duì)歷史作為一門學(xué)科的正確性提出異議，internal quarrels后面的介詞短語among historians themselves作quarrels的定語。

　　第三、詞的處理：

　　Interest in historical methods 對(duì)歷史方法的關(guān)注(興趣)

　　arisen 來自于，產(chǎn)生于challenge質(zhì)疑，挑戰(zhàn)

　　validity 真實(shí)性，正確性as an intellectual discipline作為一門學(xué)問(一個(gè)學(xué)科領(lǐng)域)

　　internal quarrels 內(nèi)部意見不統(tǒng)一，內(nèi)部分歧

　　參考譯文：

　　人們之所以關(guān)注歷史研究的方法論，主要是因?yàn)槭穼W(xué)界內(nèi)部意見不一，其次是因?yàn)橥饨绮⒉徽J(rèn)為歷史是一門學(xué)問。

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