請閱讀Passage l，完成第21～25小題。

　　Passage 1

　　In spite of all stories of prosperity in the United States, not only does poverty exist there, but crimes of various types have been increasing at an alarming rate. Most acts of violence were committed by young people. 57% of the criminals arrested in 1979 were youths below 25 of age.

　　Everyone agrees that crime is partly a result of bad material conditions: poverty, lack of education,living without a settled home,being parentless,sufferings from other kinds of misfortune, etc.

　　There are also other factors than material conditions which are responsible for the sharp increase of crime rate. In the first place, some state laws provide a death penalty but some not.Secondly, the Constitution allows every citizen to carry weapons for his own protection. It is therefore possible and easy for anyone in the country to get a gun. Finally, there has been too much shown on TV and too much reported in newspaper of all kinds of crime, the details of which are so accurately described that even children know how to duplicate what they have seen or read.

　　All these have resulted in a high frequency of crimes committed both by professional criminals and by nonprofessional ones in murder, drug smuggling, robbery, etc.

　　21. The author intends to tell the readers that__________.

　　A. the United States is a wealthy country although poverty and crime exist there

　　B. crime has become a serious problem in the United States, although it is said to be a prosperous one

　　C. despite the fact that crimes have been increasing rapidly in the United States, it is a country of prosperity

　　D. in spite of stories about poverty and crime in the United States, it is prospering at an increasing rate

　　22. Besides bad material conditions, __________also leads to the sharp increase of crime rate.

　　A. poverty

　　B. being parentless

　　C. lack of education

　　D. easy access to guns

　　23. Which of the following is correct according to the text?

　　A. Of the criminals arrested in 1970, 57 percent were youths below 25 of age.

　　B. Lack of education has little to do with the crime rate.

　　C. Differences in state laws for death penalty also account for the increase of crime rate.

　　D. Drug smuggling is the only product of too many shows and reports.

　　24. The author is worried about the fact that__________.

　　A. children may imitate what they have seen or read about crime

　　B. the more prosperous the United States is, the higher the crime rate becomes

　　C. citizens carrying guns will be punished

　　D. all the state laws will be punished

　　25. The underlined word "penalty" is closest in meaning to__________ .

　　A. punishment

　　B. trial

　　C. accusation

　　D. execution

　　請閱讀Passage 2，完成第26～30小題。

　　Passage 2

　　Many people believe the glare from snow causes snow-blindness. Yet, dark glasses or not,they find themselves suffering from headaches and watering eyes, and even snow-blindness, when exposed to several hours of "snow light".

　　The United States Army has now determined that glare from snow does not cause snow-

　　blindness in troops in a snow-covered country. Rather, a man's eyes frequently find nothing to focus on in a broad expanse of barren snow-covered terrain. So his gaze continually shifts and jumps back and forth over the entire landscape in search of something to look at. Finding nothing,hour after hour, the eyes never stop searching and the eyeballs become sore and the eye musclesache. Nature offsets this irritation by producing more and fluid which covers the eyeball. The fluid covers the eyeball in increasing quantity until vision blurs, then is observed, and the result is

　　total, even though temporary, snow-blindness.

　　Experiments led the Army to a simple method of overcoming this problem. Scouts ahead of a main body of troops are trained to shake snow from evergreen bushes, creating a dotted line as they cross completely snow-covered landscape. Even the scouts themselves throw lightweight, dark colored objects ahead on which they too can focus. The men following can then see something.Their gaze is arrested. Their eyes focus on a bush and having found something to see, stop scouring the snow-blanketed landscape. By focusing their attention on one object at a time, the men can cross the snow without becoming hopelessly snow-blind or lost. In this way the problem of crossing a solid white terrain is overcome.

　　26. To prevent headaches, watering eyes and blindness caused by the glare from snow, dark glasses are__________ .

　　A. indispensible

　　B. useful

　　C. ineffective

　　D. available

　　27. When the eyes are sore tears are produced to

　　A. clear the vision

　　B. remedy snow-blindness

　　C. ease the irritation

　　D. loosen the muscles

　　28. Snow-blindness may be avoided by__________ .

　　A. concentrating to the solid white terrain

　　B. searching for something to look at in snow-covered terrain

　　C. providing the eyes with something to focus on

　　D. covering the eyeballs with fluid

　　29. The scouts shake snow from evergreen bushes in order to__________ .

　　A. give the men behind something to see

　　B. beautify the landscape

　　C. warm themselves in the cold

　　D. prevent the men behind from losing their way

　　30. A suitable title for this passage would be __________ .

　　A. Snow-Blindness and How to Overcome It

　　B. Nature's Cure for Snow Blindness

　　C. Soldiers in the Snow

　　D. Snow Vision

　　二、簡答題(本大題1小題，20分)

　　根據題目要求完成下列任務，用中文作答。

　　31.簡述形成性評價的概念及目的，并列舉其中的一種評價方式。

　　三、教學情境分析題(本大題1小題，30分)

　　根據題目要求完成下列任務，用中文作答。

　　32.以下是某教師的課堂教學片段：

　　(教師拿出若干不同顏色的禮物盒擺在桌上，然后將一個玩具汽車快速藏人其中一個盒

　　子里，請學生猜玩具在哪個盒子里)

　　T：Where is the car?

　　S：Is it in the red box?

　　T：Maybe.

　　T：Now let’S see where the cat is…Look!It’s in the yellow box.(教師用PPT呈現課文人物John的照片)

　　T：Look at this photo.He’s John.He’s an American boy.He lives in our city.He studies in our school.But today he’s not in the classroom.Where is John?Guess，please!

　　S：Is he at home?

　　T：Maybe.

　　S：Is he in the supermarket?

　　T：Perhaps.

　　S：Is he in the park?

　　T：We don’t know.Now，let’s listen to the conversation and find out the answer.

　　(教師用PPT呈現問題Where is John?并播放課文錄音)

　　T：Where is John?

　　S：He’s at home.

　　T：It’s school time.Whv is he at home?

　　S：He is ill.

　　T：John is ill.I’ll go and see him.Would you like to come with me?

　　S：Yes.

　　T：Let’s go.

　　(教師用PPT呈現John躺在臥室床上的畫面)

　　T：Yes!He is in the bedroom.What’S the matter with him?

　　S：He is ill.

　　(教師組織學生做游戲操練對話的重點和難點Where is…?及其回答)

　　在以上材料中，教師在復習導人環節、課文教學環節、語言操練環節分別創設了不同情境，閱讀后請分別對其所使用的創設方法及其在教學中的作用進行分析。

　　四、教學設計題(本大題1小題，40分)

　　根據提供的信息和語言素材設計教學方案，用英文作答。

　　33.設計任務：請閱讀下面學生信息和語言素材，設計一節英語聽說課的教學方案。教案沒有固定格式。但須包含下列要點：

　　•teaching objectives

　　• teaching contents

　　• key and difficult points

　　•major steps and time allocation

　　•activities and justifications

　　教學時間：45分鐘

　　學生概況：某城鎮普通中學八年級(初中二年級)學生，班級人數40人，多數已經達到《義務教育英語課程標準(2011版)》四級水平，學生課堂參與積極性一般。

　　語言素材：

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