Scope Planning

　　范圍規(guī)劃

　　Defining and managing the project scope influences the project's overall success.Each project requires a careful balance of tools,data sources,methodologies,processes and procedures,and other factors to ensure that the effort expended on scoping activities is commensurate with the project's size,complexity,and importance.For example,a critical project could merit formal,thorough,and time-intensive scoping activities,while a routine project could require substantially less documentation and scrutiny.The project management team documents these scope management decisions in the project scope management plan.The project scope management plan is a planning tool describing how the team will define the project scope,develop the detailed project scope statement,define and develop the work breakdown structure,verify the project scope,and control the project scope.The development of the project scope management plan and the detailing of the project scope begin with the analysis of information contained in the project charter,the preliminary project scope statement,the latest approved version of the project management plan,historical information contained in the organizational process assets,and any relevant enterprise environmental factors.

　　項目范圍的確定與管理影響到項目的整體成功。每個項目都必須慎重考慮與權衡工具、數據來源、方法系、過程與程序，以及其他因素，確保為確定活動范圍而付出的努力與項目的大小、復雜程度和重要性相稱。例如，關鍵的項目值得為確定活動范圍而花時間進行正式和徹底的分析，而常規(guī)項目大可不必絞盡腦汁，因而可大大減少文字工作。項目管理團隊將范圍管理決策寫入項目范圍管理計劃。項目范圍管理計劃是一種規(guī)劃工具，說明項目團隊如何確定項目范圍，制定詳細的項目范圍說明書，確定與制作工作分解結構，核實項目范圍，以及控制項目范圍。制定項目范圍管理計劃與確定項目范圍的細節(jié)從分析項目章程、項目初步范圍說明書與項目管理計最近批準的版本提供的信息，組織過程資產中的歷史信息，以及任何有關的事業(yè)環(huán)境因素開始。