查看匯總：2013年12月英語六級改錯模擬試題匯總

　　句子結構的錯誤

　　在英語中按句型來說可以分為陳述句、疑問句、祈使句和感嘆句四種，從結構上來說又可以分為簡單句、并列句和復合句三種。句子的結構錯誤是構成句子完整結構的某一成分用錯或者缺少，或者使用了多于成分而造成句意不清的錯誤類型。由于英語語法和漢語語法特點在結構上表現得十分明顯，主、謂、賓結構在數、格、人稱上的一致、連接手段的正確使用以及詞序安排等，都與漢語有著相當大的差異，因此在改錯中也是一大難點。句子結構錯誤類型包括：句子類型使用錯誤、句子成分短缺、平行結構錯誤以及詞組搭配使用錯誤。

　　例 1

　　Computer analyzed marketing reports can help

　　deciding which products to emphasize now, which

　　to develop for the future, and which to be dropped. 1.__________

　　本句中三個平行成分 which products to emphasize now, which to develop for the future, and which to be dropped 結構模式應該一致，均采用不定式主動語態，因而 to be dropped 應改為 to drop .

　　例 2

　　When we consider the comfortable circumstances

　　of a working family today, the life of the workingman

　　in 1882 seems miserable indeed. But earlier it had

　　been ever hard. 1.__________

　　根據上文中“ earlier ”可知，原句顯然是將 1882 年以前的生活與 1882 年時的生活作比較，所以此處 hard 應該改為 harder .

　　例 3

　　At the beginning of the nineteenth century working

　　hours were from sunrise to sunset, pay was awful,

　　and working conditions being poor and dangerous. 1.__________

　　在該句中， working hours were from sunrise to sunset, pay was awful, and working conditions being poor and dangerous 三個小分句為并列結構關系，因此必須保持成分和結構上的一致性，故應該將 being 改為 were .

　　例 4

　　However, a second person thought that this was

　　more a question of civilized behavior as good 1.__________

　　manners.

　　“ more…than… ”是固定搭配用法，在此句中表示“與其…不如…”的意思，而不是“比…多”的意思;沒有“ more…as… ”的搭配用法，故應該將 as 改為 than .

　　練習題

　　1 On the contrary, the intimate atmosphere of the

　　small college allows the student four years of structural

　　living in which to expect and preparing for the real world. 1.__________

　　2 In making his choice among educational institutions

　　the student must, therefore, consider a great many factors.

　　Going to school is part of the socialization process,

　　and so going to the movies. 2.__________

　　3 The next morning the sun rose like a red ball on the

　　eastern horizon. But somehow after breakfast it hid

　　itself behind patches of clouds but it seemed a rain was 3.__________

　　apparent.

　　4 But luckily, no sooner had we entered the car when it 4.__________

　　suddenly began to rain.

　　5 That is worthy of note about these two groups is that 5.__________

　　among the 40 people there are only two women.

　　6 Women members are so less than members that we 6.__________

　　again think of the outdated prejudice that women are

　　inferior in intelligence.

　　7 The best way to avoid using dictionaries when you

　　are reading English books is to try to remember many 7.__________

　　words as you can.

　　8 It is just on that day when I bumped into Miss Helen 8.__________

　　on my way to work.

　　9 It is in the cinema not on the street where he lost his 9.__________

　　wallet which contained $ 1,000 in it.

　　10 In the future passengers ships will be built to travel

　　undersea, and special underwater ships will be designed

　　for mining, fishing, and to exploring unknown areas. 10.__________

　　答案解析：preparing→prepare.屬于平行結構中的動詞錯誤。在并列連詞and前后顯然要有形式一致的動詞，但前面沒有與preparing呼應的現在分詞(注：同行中的living是in which中which的先行詞，故一定是名詞，而不是現在分詞——這是詞形表面上的干擾)，故只能改動preparing使之與前面的動詞不定式expect一致，這里也有考生將preparing改為prepares，用意是與句中謂語動詞allows一致，但要注意，句中不定式expect是及物動詞，它的賓語是“the real world”，必須與prepare for共享。

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