1995年Passage 5

Rumor has it that more than 20 books on creationism/evolution are in the publisher's pipelines. A few have already appeared. The goal of all will be to try to explain to a confused and often unenlightened citizenry that there are not two equally valid scientific theories for the origin and evolution of universe and life. Cosmology, geology, and biology have provided a consistent , unified, and constantly improving account of what happened. "Scientific" creationism, which is being pushed by some for "equal time" in the classrooms whenever the scientific accounts of evolution are evil, is based on religion, not science. Virtually all scientists and the majority of nonfunda mentalist religious leaders have come to regard "scientific" creationism as bad science and bad religion.

The first four chapters of Kitcher's book give a very brief introduction to evolution. At appropriate places, he introduces the criticisms of the creationists and provides answers. In the last three chapters, he takes off his gloves and gives the creationists a good beating. He describes their programmes and tactics, and, for those unfamiliar with the ways of creationists, the extent of their deception and distortion may come as an unpleasant surprise. When their basic motivation is religious, one might have expected more Christian behavior.

Kitcher is a philosopher, and this may account, in part, for the clarity and effectiveness of his arguments. The nonspecialist will be able to obtain at least a notion of the sorts of data and argument that support evolutionary theory. The final chapter on the creationists will be extremely clear to all. On the dust jacket of this fine book, Stephen Jay Gould says: "This book stands for reason itself." And so it does-and all would be well were reason the only judge in the creationism/evolution debate.

68. Kitche's book is intended to __.
[A] recommend the views of the evolutionists
[B] expose the true features of creationists
[C] curse bitterly at this opponents
[D] launch a surprise attack on creationists

[答案] B

[解題思路]

文章第二段講述了Kitcher這本書的主要內容，其中從第一、三、四句話中可以看出其主要寫作目的"The first four chapters of Kitcher's book give a very brief introduction to evolution... In the last three chapters, he takes off his gloves and gives the creationists a good beating. He describes their programmes and tactics, and, for those unfamiliar with the ways of creationists, the extent of their deception and distortion may come as an unpleasant surprise"（ 金切爾這本著作的前四章簡單地介紹了進化論......在該書的最后三章中，他毫不留情地對創世紀論者進行了猛烈抨擊。他揭露了這些人的綱領和手段，對那些不了解創世紀論者慣用手法的人來說，其欺騙和歪曲事實的程度會讓他們感到既氣憤又驚訝），即向讀者揭示創世紀論的真正面目。A顯然與Kitcher的基調相反。C選項語氣過重，Kitcher實際上并沒有對對手作人身攻擊，D選項在原文中沒有涉及。

[題目譯文]

金切爾的書旨在        。
[A] 推薦進化論者的觀點
[B] 揭露創世紀論者的真面目
[C] 詛咒他的對手
[D] 對創世紀論者發動突然襲擊