第二三篇

　　23 Study the following pictures carefully and write an essay in which you should:

　　1. describe the picture；

　　2. give your comment;

　　3. suggest possible solutions.

　　You should write 160~200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.

　　提綱一般分為三部分，最常見的有三種：第一點都是描述圖畫，第二點與第三點分別是解讀加評論、原因及辦法、評論加辦法；第一種出現的幾率最高，最難把握，但發揮的余地也最大，后兩種出現的幾率稍低，結構較為固定。該文屬于最后一種情況，圖畫描述了公交車上令人不悅的一幕。本文可分為三段來寫，第一段描述圖畫，第二段給這種現象定性，第三段給出解決問題的辦法。In the picture, we see a young woman and her dog each occupying a seat on the bus. She refuses to give the seat up to an old man, emphasizing that she has also bought a ticket for the dog.

　　Such is a scene that we may come across from time to time but wish that it would have never happened. The bus is a public transportation tool and it should meet the needs of human beings in the first place. Keeping pets is not prohibited, but bringing a pet onto a bus, especially a crowded bus, is at least inappropriate and ill�瞞annered, if not uncultured and illegal. What�餾 more, respecting the old has long been a national tradition—such a person as the girl depicted in the above picture is not only selfish and impolite but also uncivilized and detestable.

　　To find a sound solution to such a problem, we should include the following three aspects. First, the bus company should make it clear to prohibit taking pets onto buses. Second, the mass media should advocate polite behaviors such as giving seats to old people, telling people that respecting old people is equal to respecting ourselves, as every one of us will be old in the future. Third, some individuals should take the lead in helping the driver keep the order of the bus—under the influence of models, more and more people will be ready to think of others before themselves. When such measures are adopted, the bus will be a typical public place full of love, care and harmony.第一段描述圖畫，清晰準確。

　　第二段分四句話來寫。第一句是統領句，突顯了現實與理想的距離，注意該句中虛擬語氣的使用。然后下分為兩點來說：第二句說公交車是公共交通工具，應該首先(in the first place)滿足人的需求。第三句話說養寵物并不被禁止，但是帶寵物上公交車，即使不是無修養的和非法的，也是不合適和不禮貌的。該句中的難點是if not的用法，這里該結構中共用了四個詞，分兩個明顯不同的層級，在同一層級中，后一個又比前一個程度深一些。段中第四句是第二點：尊敬老人長期以來就是民族傳統——畫中的女孩不僅自私無禮而且不文明、令人憎惡。句中有平行形容詞的用法，程度也是漸進的。

　　第三段寫解決辦法。首句是統領句，用的是常見的模板句，而后分三點講。第一點講公交公司應明確規定禁止攜帶寵物上車。第二點講媒體應提倡讓座等文明行為，告訴人們尊敬老人就是尊敬我們自己，因為我們每個人都會變老。第三點說有人應帶頭幫助司機維持秩序——在榜樣的影響下，越來越多的人會養成先考慮別人的習慣。最后一句是總結，說采取了這些措施之后，公交車將會成為充滿愛、關懷和和諧的地方。 大作文這幾年一直是圖畫作文，分為社會時事與哲理兩類。最近兩三年閱卷的最大感受就是大作文正處在過渡階段。一是由時事向哲理轉變，由于轉變尚未完成，這種結合顯得相當微妙，明年出現這種情形的可能性還是很大。二是單純的時事類文章也由平面向立體發展，盡量在一張圖中包含多個元素。這篇文章就包括帶寵物上車與不讓座兩個元素，還不算復雜。以后包含三個或以上元素的復合場景將慢慢增加比例。如果能養成多閱讀、勤思考的習慣，必能跟上趨勢的發展。

　　由于本文提綱是較簡單的類型，所以大家應在確定分段之后決定每段的要點。想在考試中反應迅速，建議大家根據自己的復習計劃在最后的沖刺階段能至少寫作十篇大作文，多讀、多背、多思考經典范文，這樣做非常有益。