第二八篇

　　28 Study the following picture carefully and write an essay in which you should:

　　1. describe the picture;

　　2. list the advantages and disadvantages of urbanization;

　　3. draw your conclusion.

　　You should write 160~200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.

　　由于提綱清晰，這篇文章的結構易于把握：先描述圖畫，之后分兩段來說城市化的利與弊，最后下結論。In the picture, we see a newly emerging community: there are supermarkets, schools, banks and hospitals. A resident tells us, “Eight years ago it was still the countryside.” The history of reform and opening�瞮p is the history of rapid economic development; it is also the history of large�瞫cale urbanization of our nation.

　　I firmly believe that the advantages of urbanization are many. First, when more and more people flood into cities, the city is often becoming bigger and bigger and many people move out of the downtown area and into the suburbs. This trend of urban construction is beneficial to future city development as a whole. Second, it provides more development opportunities for big cities. With more and more people coming to the city, urban development is experiencing a new round of leaping forward.

　　Urbanization may also bring a series of unfavorable consequences. First, the farmland in the country is shrinking. Second, sometimes, the rural land, rivers and air are polluted. When more and more new factories are set up, the surrounding environment is likely to decay. In my mind, it is not necessarily the result. Finally, the young people who still practice farming are becoming fewer and fewer. Some of them go to big cities to pursue a better life. Some of them stay at home, but begin to do business or work in local factories.

　　All in all, urbanization brings more benefits than problems. The present society is experiencing great changes—what we should be sure is that we strike a balance between economical development and environmental protection. 在提綱中出現關鍵詞，是少見的，我們一定要抓住這里的重要信息。urbanization即是文章討論的主題。

　　文章共分四段。首段在描述圖畫后做了小結，巧妙引入本文主題——城市化。第二段與第三段分別談論城市化的利和弊。第四段下結論——城市化的利大于弊。該文結構比較簡單，解決了結構問題后，我們就應該在語言上面多下功夫。

　　首段末句使用平行結構與分號引出本文主題——城市化，非常引人注目。次段第一點中的move out of the downtown area and into the suburbs這一詞組是同一動詞接不同地點狀語的情形。第二點中的With more and more people coming to the city是介詞引導的復合結構。第三段第一點中的shrink表示“縮減”，用在這里很妥當。第二點中的decay表示“變壞”。第三點中的pursue表示“追求”。末段的第二句中有破折號的用法。