第二七篇

　　27 Study the following picture carefully and write an essay in which you should:

　　1. describe the picture;

　　2. interpret the meaning;

　　3. make your comments.

　　You should write 160~200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.

　　這道題目比較特殊——圖畫上沒有對話，只有一個忘情彈奏的人，下面有一句極富哲理的話。而提綱中的第二點和第三點分別是闡釋含義和作出評論，而不是具體的指令，這樣寫來難度更大，自由度也更大。As can be seen from the picture, a person is playing the piano—he is so much immersed in the beautiful music that he seems to forget completely what is going on around him. The Chinese characters below the picture say: Writing is like playing the piano—first you must learn to play by the rules, then you must forget the rules and play from your heart. What significant and thought�瞤rovoking words they are!

　　To me, writing is a life�瞝ong endeavor: It is often hard and frustrating at the beginning, but it often becomes enjoyable and fruitful as time goes by. First, you have to learn the fundamental knowledge and acquire the simple skills, just as you must know the keys on a piano before you can really produce a whole piece of music. Afterwards, I believe there should a prolonged period of practice, largely characterized by recitation, analysis and imitation. This is the period when we fully understand and deeply appreciate the beauty and excellence of masterpieces. This is also the period when we apply the particular skills of manipulating words, fabricating sentences and creating paragraphs by imitating great writers directly. Finally, when all of this is done, one day we will suddenly forget all those rules and regulations—like a bird flying freely in the sky, we begin to take on our own styles. We can eventually express our ideas, feelings and emotions smoothly—like beautiful notes, words spring out from our hearts one after another, until they merge into a stream or even a river. At that time, we can be sure to say that we begin to understand what writing is. 這篇文章寫成了兩段而不是三段，是非常特殊的。如果提綱中的第二點和第三點分別是給出原因和解決辦法，就不能這么寫。

　　第一段分別描述了忘情彈奏的人和圖下面的一句話，末句用了一個感嘆句。

　　第二段是關鍵段落。首先是總結性的話語。而后以時間為線索分三個階段來寫。第一個階段只有一句話，用了類比法：你得先學會寫作的基礎知識和簡單技能，就象認識鋼琴上的鍵一樣。第二個階段有三句話，先說這個階段是以背誦、分析和模仿為特征的一般較長的練習時期。而后兩句話作進一步說明，這兩句話是平行的：這是我們能夠完全理解和欣賞經典杰作之美的時期，也是我們通過直接模仿大作家來應用具體的詞、句、段的技能的時期。第三個階段共有三句話。首先說當所有這些都完成之后，我們有一天會突然發現自己忘記了所有的規則——就象一只自由飛翔的鳥兒，我們開始有了自己的風格。而后說我們終于能夠自由地表達思想和情感——就象美妙的樂章一樣，詞從我們的心中噴涌而出，直到匯成小溪或河流。最后一句說，直到那時，我們才開始理解寫作了。最后這句結語舉重若輕，效果卻很強烈，就象米開朗基羅彌留之際說的自己開始懂得一點點繪畫了一樣，看似平淡，卻非常具有震撼力。一般說來，哲理性的文章是相當有難度的。本文是一篇以類比來表達深刻道理的文章，需要大家先弄清一對事物之間的類比關系，體會其中的妙處，再一步步深入細致地進行描述，這是不容易的。請大家仔細研讀范文，必能在這方面有所收獲。

　　在行文中，不斷體現開始的這種類比關系，能使主題進一步加強。這在第二段的第一個和第三個時期均有明顯的體現。