【參考譯文】科學家需要對動物權利的倡導者作出有力的反擊，因為他們的觀點正在迷惑公眾，阻礙了健康醫療的發展。

　　【真題例句】This entails reducing our dependence on the North American market, whose programs relate to experiences and cultural traditions which are different from our own。(2005英譯漢)

　　【結構分析】本句主干清晰，是一個主謂賓結構This entails reducing our dependence…，其中介詞短語on the North American作dependence的后置定語。逗號后whose引導非限制性定語從句whose programs relate to experiences and cultural traditions，修飾先行詞North American market，whose作programs的定語，同時指代先行詞“North American market”。在該定語中，relate to的賓語experiences and cultural traditions由定語從句which are different from our own修飾，關系代詞which在從句中指代先行詞experiences and cultural traditions作主語。

　　【參考譯文】這就意味著要減少對北美市場的依賴，因為他們的節目里包含不同于我們的經歷和文化傳統。

　　8。關系代詞as引導的定語從句，譯為“像……那樣”。

　　【真題例句】Meanwhile, many settles had slighter religious commitments than Dane’s, as one clergyman learned in confronting folk along the coast who mocked that they had not come to the New world for religion. (2009閱讀4)

　　【結構分析】本句主干在兩個逗號之間，為一個比較結構many settles had slighter religious commitments than Dane’s。as引導非限制性定語從句as one clergyman learned…as在從句中作learned的賓語，后又包含一個who引導的定語從句who mocked that…修飾clergyman，關系代詞who在從句中作主語，謂語動詞mocked后的賓語從句由that引導的從句充當。

　　【參考譯文】與此同時，與戴恩相比，許多定居者并沒有那么虔誠，就像一位牧師在遇到海邊的人時聽到的那樣，那些人嘲弄說他們不是為了宗教來到新大陸的。

　　9。長難句中經常同時包含多個定語從句

　　【真題例句】Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry which seeks to study humans and their endeavors in the same reasoned, orderly, systematic, and dispassioned manner that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena. (2003-62)

　　【結構分析】我們先注意到第一個that，只是branch前的修飾語，不引導從句。得到主干，一個主系表結構——Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry。關系代詞which引導定語從句which seeks to study humans and their endeavors…，which指代先行詞enquiry在從句中作主語。介詞短語in the same reasoned, orderly, systematic, and dispassioned manner that…作方式狀語，其中定語從句that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena修飾先行詞manner，關系代詞that在從句中指代先行詞作use的賓語。在翻譯時，為避免定語部分過長，我們將which從句轉譯為并列結構，將that從句轉譯為狀語。

　　【參考譯文】斯特福德公司的簡報不同于華盛頓通常的反反復復——政府各部門借這種反反復復來避免作出激動人心的聲明，因為他們這些聲明可能會出錯。

　　【真題例句】The definition also excludes the majority of teachers, despite the fact that teaching has traditionally been the method whereby many intellectuals earn their living。(2006英譯漢)

　　【結構分析】本句的主干在句首，為The definition also excludes the majority of teachers，逗號后為介詞despite構成的短語作狀語。其中that引導同位語從句that teaching has traditionally been the method…解釋說明fact的具體內容。在此同位語從句中，whereby引導定語從句whereby many intellectuals earn their living，相當于by + 先行詞method，在從句中作方式狀語，我們理解為“借此手段”。

　　【參考譯文】這一定義也把大多數教師排除在外，盡管事實是——按傳統看來，教學一直是許多知識分子謀生的手段。