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　　例如：

　　Behaviorists, who study the relation between actions and their consequences, argue that rewards can improve performance at work and school. Cognitive researchers, who study various aspects of mental life, maintain that rewards often destroy creativity by encouraging dependence on approval and gifts from others.(黑體劃線處就是可以略讀的或是根本不需要讀)

　　第三、學(xué)會(huì)排除干擾選項(xiàng)

　　四級(jí)干擾選項(xiàng)明顯的特點(diǎn)有以下幾點(diǎn)：

　　一是文章選項(xiàng)無。所謂文章選項(xiàng)無就是給出的選項(xiàng)，文章中作者根本沒有提到。

　　二是答案本身錯(cuò)。所謂答案本身措就是給出的選項(xiàng)本身就是錯(cuò)誤的。

　　三是張冠李戴。所謂張冠李戴是最能干擾考生的。就是明明是說A的偏偏要說B。考生由于讀文章不仔細(xì)，乍一看選項(xiàng)是自己所熟悉的，并且是文章中出現(xiàn)過的。于是便毫不猶豫地選了它，殊不知是錯(cuò)誤的。舉例：

　　①Is there enough oil beneath the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge(保護(hù)區(qū))(ANWR)to help secure America’s energy future? President Bush certainly thinks so. He has argued that tapping ANWR’s oil would help ease California’s electricity crisis and provide a major boost to the country’s energy independence. But no one knows for sure how much crude oil lies buried beneath the frozen earth. With the last government survey, conducted in 1998, protecting output anywhere from 3 billion to 16 billion barrels.

　　1. What does President Bush think of tapping oil in ANWR?

　　A. It will exhaust the nation’s oil reserves.

　　B. It will help secure the future of ANWR.

　　C. It will help reduce the nation’s oil imports.

　　D. It will increase America’s energy consumption.

　　對(duì)于這個(gè)問題，課堂上很多同學(xué)選擇了答案B。原因是他們根據(jù)文中第一段第一句話(黑體劃線處)毫不猶豫選擇B。殊不知原文第一句話，特別是陰影標(biāo)記出說的是“緩解美國未來 能源危機(jī)”。而答案B說的是緩解ANWR未來的能源危機(jī)。屬于張冠李戴。這類選項(xiàng)是應(yīng)該引起考生高度注意和重視的。答案A屬于答案本身錯(cuò)(意思是：那將耗盡美國的石油儲(chǔ)量)，而答案D屬于文章選項(xiàng)無(意思是：它將增加美國能源消耗)。

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