pavement to support the load.Innovative, designs of

　　roadways,tunnels,bridges,overpasses,and interchanges that could run

　　through or bypass urban areas soon began to weave their way across

　　the country ,forever altering the face of American .

　　Long-span,segmented-concrete,cable-stayed bridges such as Hale Boggs

　　in Louisiana and the Sunshine Skyway in Florida,and remarkable

　　tunnels like Fort Mchenry in Maryland and Mr.bakerin Washington

　　developed under the nation's physical challenges,Traffic control

　　systems and methods of construction developed uder the interstate

　　program soon influenced highway construction around the world,ang

　　were invaluable in improving the condition of urban streets and

　　traffic patterns.

　　Today, the interstate system links every major city in the U.S,and

　　the U.S with Canada and Mexico,Built with safety in mind the

　　highways have wide lanes and shoulders,dividing medians,or

　　barriers,long entry and exit lanes,ourves engineered for safe

　　turns,and limited access. The death rate on highways is half that of

　　all other U.S roads (0.86 deaths per 100 million passenger miles

　　compared to 1.99 deaths per 100 million on all other roads)

　　By opening the North American continent,highways have enabled

　　consumer goods and services to reach people in remote and rural

　　areas of the country, spurred the growth of suburbs, and provided

　　people with greater options in terms of jobs,access to to cutural

　　programs, health care ,and other benefits.Above all,the interstate

　　system provides individuals with what they enerish most:personal

　　freedom of mobility.

　　The interstate system has been an essential element of the nation's

　　economic growth in terms of shipping and job creation:more than 75

　　percent of the nation's freight deliveries arrive by truck.and most

　　products that arrive by rail or air use interstates for the last leg

　　of the journey by vehicle.Not only has the highway system affected

　　the American economy by providing shipping routes,it has led to the

　　growth of spin-off industries like service stations

　　,motels,restaurants,and shopping centres.It has allower the

　　rwlocation of manufacturing plants and other industries from urban

　　areas to rural.

　　By the end of the century there was an immense network of paved

　　roads ,residential streets,expressways,and freeways built to support

　　millions of vehicles. The high way system was officially renamed for

　　Eisenhower to honor his vison and leadership.The year construction

　　began he said:"Together,the united forces of our communication and

　　transportation systems are dynamic elements in the very name we bear

　　-United States.Without them ,we would be a mere alliance of many

　　sepaeate parts."

　　1. National standards for paved roads were in place by 1921.

　　2.General Eisenhower felt that the broad German motorways made more

　　sense than the two lane highways of America.

　　3. It was in the 1950s that the American government finally took

　　action to build a national high way system.

　　4. Many of the problems presented by the country’s geographical

　　features found solutions in I novative engieering projects.

　　5. In spite of safety considerations, the death rate on interstate

　　highways is still higher than that of other American roads.

　　6. The interstate highway system provids access between major

　　military installations in America.

　　7. Service stations, motels and restaurants promoted the development

　　of the interstate higway system.

　　8. The greatest benefit brought about by the interstate system was

　　__________.

　　9. Trucks using the interstate highways deliver more than

　　________________.

　　10. The interstate system was renamed after Eisenhower in

　　recognition of ______________.

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