03.12

　　Thomas Malthus published his "Essay on the Principle of

　　Population" almost 200 years ago. Ever since then, forecasters

　　have being warning that worldwide famine was just around the S1________

　　next corner. The fast-growing population's demand for food,

　　they warned, would soon exceed their supply, leading to S2________

　　widespread food shortages and starvation.

　　But in reality, the world's total grain harvest has risen

　　steadily over the years. Except for relative isolated trouble spots S3________

　　like present-day Somalia, and occasional years of good harvests, S4________

　　the world's food crisis has remained just around the corner.

　　Most experts believe this can continue even as if the population S5________

　　doubles by the mid-21st century, although feeding 10 billion

　　people will not be easy for politics, economic and environmental S6________

　　reasons. Optimists point to concrete examples of continued

　　improvements in yield. In Africa, by instance, improved seed, S7________

　　more fertilizer and advanced growing practices have more than

　　double corn and wheat yields in an experiment. Elsewhere, rice S8________

　　experts in the Philippines are producing a plant with few stems S9_________

　　and more seeds. There is no guarantee that plant breeders can

　　continue to develop new, higher-yielding crop, but most

　　researchers see their success to date as reason for hope. S10________

　　04.6

　　Culture refers to the social heritage of a people - the

　　learned patterns for thinking, feeling and acting that characterize

　　a population or society, include the expression of these S1._______

　　patterns in material things. Culture is compose of non-material S2._______

　　culture -abstract creations like values, beliefs, customs

　　and institutional arrangements and material culture -

　　physical object like cooking pots, computers and bathtubs. S3._______

　　In sum, culture reflects both the ideas we share or everything S4._______

　　we make. In ordinary speech, a person of culture is

　　the individual can speak another language - the person who S5._______

　　is unfamiliar with the arts, music, literature, philosophy, or S6._______

　　history. But to sociologists, to be human is to be cultured,

　　because of culture is the common world of experience we S7._______

　　share with other members of our group.

　　Culture is essentially to our humanness. It provides a S8._______

　　kind of map for relating to others. Consider how you find

　　your way about social life. How do you know how to act in a

　　classroom, or a department store, or toward a person who

　　smiles or laugh at you? S9._______

　　Your culture supplies you by broad, standardized, S10._______

　　ready-made answers for dealing with each of these situations.

　　Therefore, if we know a persons culture, we can understand

　　and even predict a good deal of his behavior.