第28天原因與起因（Reasons and Causes）

　　注意……開始上課了……

　　寫作思路與要求

　　本模塊立意在“原因reason”或“起因cause”的探索剖析，以某一社會現象存在的原因或對某一社會問題出現的起因的探究為短文主體。文章通常以概述某一社會現象或問題的現狀引入，而后分析闡述存在這一現狀或問題的多種可能的起因或原因，最后作一總結性評述或解決問題的出路。短文在篇章層次上以因果分析方式展開，起因或原因的闡述則以枚舉方式展開，最后在簡述問題出路時還可套用“方法措施”模塊的展開格式。

　　這一模塊的提綱模式是：

　　第一段現狀或結果。

　　概述某社會現象或問題及其特點。

　　第二段原因、根源或起因。

　　闡述導致該社會現象或問題的各種可能的原因，但以列舉2～4點較合適。

　　第三段結論或評述。

　　對上述原因、根源或起因作一概要評述，可以是利弊分析，也可以指出解決問題的出路。

　　看看以前考什么，是怎么考的。

　　1992年真題
　　Directions:
　　A)Title: For a Better Understanding Between Parent and Child
　　B)Time limit: 40 minutes
　　C)Word limit: 160~200 words (not including the given opening sentence)
　　D)Your composition should  be written clearly in the ANISWER SHEET.

　　OUTLINE:
　　1.Present situation: Lack of communication between parent and child
　　2.Possible reasons:
　　1) Different likes and dislikes
　　2) Misunderstanding
　　3) Others

　　3.Suggestions:
　　1) For parents
　　2) For children

　　寫 作 提 綱For a Better Understanding Between Parent and Child    
　　①Nowadays there is often a lack of understanding between parents and children.Parents often complain about their children�餾 “unreasonable” behavior,while children usually think their parents too “old�瞗ashioned.” Then,when a child has a problem,he usually goes to his intimate friends for sympathy and advice,②leaving his parents totally in the dark.
　　③There are some possible reasons for the present situation.④First, the two generations,②⑤having grown up at different times,have different likes and dislikes for the things around them and thus have little in common to talk about.④Second, parents and children,⑤due to the misunderstanding between them,may even feel it uncomfortable to sit face to face with each other talking.④Finally, ⑤with the pace of modern life becoming faster and faster, both parent and child are too busy to spare enough time to exchange ideas,even if they find it necessary to communicate.④As a result, the gap between them is growing wider and wider.
⑥To bridge this so�瞔alled generation gap,in my opinion,both parents and children ⑦should make an effort.The children ⑦should respect their seniors.The older generation,⑧on the other hand,⑦should show solicitude for the young.As for their differences,both generations ⑦should make allowance for each other.If they will take the first step by actually talking to one another,⑨it won�餿 be long before the arrival of a better understanding between parents and children.    
　　①短文開門見山，提出話題，然后于第二、三句再對改話題進行展開；
　　②本文中考生恰到好處地運用了分詞短語；
　　③第二段剖析原因，這是本段的主題句；
　　④本段中，考生采用枚舉的段落展開方式列舉原因，以連接詞first,second,finally,as a result貫通；
　　⑤并列的三個原因均采用了地道的插入語，使得段落結構整齊清晰；
　　⑥以動詞不定式狀語引出提供建議的結論段；
　　⑦結論段提出建議，采用了表示建議的情態動詞should的排比；
　　⑧通過語篇連接詞on the other hand引出更多建議；
　　⑨ 采用了it is… before 這一特殊句型，并巧妙地與短文第一句相呼應，是非常理想的結論句。

　　掌握一定的寫作模式，可以事半功倍。自己填一下試試吧！
　　現狀+原因+結論/評述
　　Title
　　Nowadays,there is a widespread concern over (interest in) ①… in China (on campus).We are surprised to learn that②….(或It�餾 known to all that③….) And people would get excited/ turn pale at the very mention/thought/sight of ④….
　　There are many reasons/causes for/why⑤…,but in general,they come down to three major ones.For one thing,I think,⑥….For another,⑦….But the prime/most decisive reason/cause is perhaps that⑧….
As a result,⑨….(And/No doubt/Naturally,⑩…).Therefore,we/I would take more effective measures (try our/my best//make more efforts) to (bring it well under control/achieve success in it/maximize its benefits and minimize its bad effects).①插入名詞短語或動名詞短語。如：sports; surfing on the Internet等；
　　②、③插入名詞性從句； 強調第一句中提到的現象的普遍性、流行性和風靡程度；
　　④插入名詞短語；通常為：problem,phenomenon,activity等；
　　⑤for后插入名詞短語，why后插入完整從句；引出原因；
　　⑥、⑦插入完整句子，以小寫開始，提出第一、二兩個原因；
　　⑧插入名詞性從句；列舉第三個原因；
　　⑨插入完整句子，以小寫開始，陳述上述現象的結果；
　　⑩插入完整句子，以小寫開始，進一步闡述結果。

　　靈活運用模板，能寫出美妙的應試文章。
　　SARS—Why It Broke Out HereOUTLINE :
　　1.Present situation: Lack of communication between parent and child
　　2.Possible reasons:
　　1) Different likes and dislikes
　　2) Misunderstanding
　　3) Others

　　3.Suggestions :
　　1) For parents
　　2) For children
　　Nowadays,there is a widespread concern over the widespread of SARS in China.We are surprised to learn that SARS broke out in many big cities and is now making its way into the rural areas.(或It�餾 known to all that SARS as an epidemic has broken out in China.And people would turn pale at the very mention of the SARS disaster or get frightened at the sight of a SARS suspect.)

　　There are many causes for the quick spread of SARS,but in general,they come down to three major ones.For one thing,I think,China has a large population and the crowded living conditions in cities make it easy for the virus to spread.For another,many Chinese people have a bad habit of spitting everywhere.But the prime cause is perhaps that when SARS first appeared in some areas,some local governments failed to pay due attention to its control,resulting in more serious spreading.

　　As a result,SARS got out of hand for some time and killed hundreds of people in China.Therefore,more effective measures should be taken to bring it under control as soon as possible.

　　典型試題，好好做喲！
　　Write an essay of 160~200 words based on each of the following topics:
　　Task 1.Some Wild Animals on the Verge of Extinction
　　Task 2.Why I Want to Attend Graduate School？
　　Task 3.Children�餾 Ever�瞓ulging Schoolbags

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