第 1 頁:單項選擇題 |
第 3 頁:多項選擇題 |
第 4 頁:案例分析題 |
三、案例分析題(本題型共4小題。第1小題12分,第2小題13分,第3小題13分,第4小題17分。其中第2小題可以選用英文解答,如使用中文解答,最高得分為13分;如使用英文解答,該小題須全部使用英文,最高得分為18分。本題型最高得分為60分。)
392013年10月,甲企業接到一份服裝加工的訂單,由于資金不足,甲企業與提供原材料的乙公司簽訂合同,以本企業所有的一輛奔馳轎車(價值80萬元)作抵押,為應付的50萬元原材料貨款提供擔保。雙方在合同中約定:如甲企業到期不能支付貨款,則該奔馳車歸乙公司所有。由于雙方是多年合作關系,簽訂抵押合同后沒有辦理抵押登記。
2013年11月,甲企業為購買加工設備,又以該奔馳轎車作質押向丙公司提供擔保,雙方簽訂了質押合同并移交了該奔馳車。在質押期間,丙公司的工作人員開著質押的奔馳車辦理公務時與他人相撞,汽車受損被送到丁修理廠修理,共花費修理費3000元。汽車修好后,丙公司派人去提車。丁修理廠收取修理費后,要求丙公司把以前所欠的1萬元汽車維修費還清,遭到丙公司的拒絕,于是丁修理廠以行使留置權為名義拒絕交車。
要求:根據以上事實并結合法律的規定,回答下列問題。
(1)甲企業與乙公司簽訂的抵押合同約定“甲企業到期不能支付貨款,則該奔馳車歸乙公司所有”的條款是否有效?并說明理由。
(2)甲企業與乙公司簽訂的抵押合同沒有辦理抵押登記,抵押權是否設立?并說明理由。
(3)如果質押有效,奔馳車的3000元的修理費應由誰承擔?并說明理由。
(4)丁修理廠是否可以行使留置權?并說明理由。
答案解析:
(1)甲企業與乙公司約定的該條款無效。根據規定,抵押權人在債務履行期屆滿前,不得與抵押人約定債務人不履行到期債務時抵押財產歸債權人所有。如果雙方在合同中約定債務人不履行到期債務時,抵押財產歸債權人所有,則此條款無效。
(1)The Clause stipulated by A Company and B Company is invalid.ACCording to the RealRight law of the Peop1e’S RepubliC of China,the mortgagee and the mortgagor may,prior to the expiration of the time limit for paying debts,not stipulate that the ownership of the mortgaged property will attributed to the obligee when theob1igor fails to pay its due debts.If the partiesstipulate in the ContraCt that the ownership of themortgaged property will attributed to the obligeewhen the obligor fails to pay its due debts,suchstipulation shall be invalid.
(2)甲企業與乙公司之間設立了抵押權。根據規定,當事人以《物權法》規定的生產設備、原材料、半成品、產品,正在建造的船舶、航空器,交通運輸工具設定抵押,抵押權自抵押合同生效時設立。未經登記,不得對抗善意第三人。因此對這些財產是否進行抵押登記,完全由當事人決定。
(2)The mortgage right is established between A Company and B Company.ACCording to the Real Right law of the People’S RepubliC of China,where a mortgage is established,as presCribed by the Real Right law,on manufaCturing faCilities,raw materials,semi—manufaCtured goods,finished products,buildings,vessels or aircraft under Construction,or means of Communications and transportation,the mortgage right shall be established since the mortgage Contract Comes into effect;without mortgage registration,the mortgage right may not Challenge any third party with good faith.Therefore,whether to go through the mortgage registration in respect of the property shall be deCided by the parties.
(3)修理費應由丙公司承擔。根據規定,質權人負有妥善保管質押財產的義務;因保管不善致使質押財產毀損、滅失的,應當承擔賠償責任。
(3)The repair Costs shall be borne by C Company.ACCording to the Real Right law of the People’S RepubliC of China,a pledgee shall be obliged tO properly keep pledged properties;and where pledged properties are damaged Or lost byvirtue of improper keeping,the pledgee shall make Compensations.
(4)丁修理廠可以行使留置權。根據規定,留置權的成立條件是:①債權人占有債務人的動產;②債權人留置的動產,應當與債權屬于同一法律關系,但企業之間留置的除外;③債權已屆清償期且債務人未按規定期限履行義務。本題中的情形符合留置權成立的條件,所以丁修理廠是可以行使留置權的。
(4)D Repair Shop may exerCise the lien.ACCording to the RealRight law of the People’SRepubliC of China,effeCtive Conditions of lien onChattels inClude:①the Chattels that are ownedby the obligor are lawfully oCCupied by theobligee;②the Chattels taken as lien by theobligee and the obligee’S rights shall fall into asame legal relationship,except for the lienbetween enterprises;③the obligor fai1s to payoff its due debts.In this Case,the effectiveConditions of 1ien are met,so the lien may be ex—erCiseD.
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