三、案例分析題

　　1、

　　<1>、

　　【正確答案】 合伙企業(yè)初步擬定的合伙協(xié)議有不合法之處。①合伙企業(yè)出資合法。(0.5分)②由甲負(fù)責(zé)管理合伙企業(yè)的事務(wù)不合法。根據(jù)《合伙企業(yè)法》規(guī)定，有限合伙企業(yè)由普通合伙人執(zhí)行合伙事務(wù)(1分)(2014年教材P133)。③合伙企業(yè)規(guī)定退伙人對(duì)退伙后一年內(nèi)合伙企業(yè)的債務(wù)承擔(dān)連帶責(zé)任不合法(0.5分)。根據(jù)《合伙企業(yè)法》規(guī)定，有限合伙人退伙后，對(duì)基于其退伙前的原因發(fā)生的有限合伙企業(yè)債務(wù)，以其退伙時(shí)從有限合伙企業(yè)中取回的財(cái)產(chǎn)承擔(dān)責(zé)任(2014年教材P135)(1分)。普通合伙人退伙后，對(duì)基于其退伙前的原因發(fā)生的合伙企業(yè)債務(wù)，承擔(dān)無限連帶責(zé)任(2014年教材P130)(1分)。

　　<2>、

　　【正確答案】 第一家銀行拒絕合伙企業(yè)開立基本存款賬戶的理由不成立。(1分)根據(jù)支付結(jié)算法律制度規(guī)定，企業(yè)法人、非法人企業(yè)、民辦非企業(yè)組織均可申請(qǐng)依法開立基本存款賬戶。(1分)(2014年教材P311)

　　<3>、

　　【正確答案】 商業(yè)匯票的絕對(duì)記載事項(xiàng)為：表明“匯票”的字樣;無條件支付的委托;確定的金額;付款人名稱;收款人名稱;出票日期;出票人簽章。(2分)其提示付款期為自票據(jù)到期日起10天內(nèi)向承兌人提示付款。(1分)(2014年教材P339)

　　<4>、

　　【正確答案】 A企業(yè)開具支票未填明“收款人名稱”而授權(quán)給合伙企業(yè)補(bǔ)記的做法符合規(guī)定。(0.5分)根據(jù)規(guī)定，支票的金額、收款人名稱，可以由出票人授權(quán)補(bǔ)記。(1分)(2014年教材P355)

　　<5>、

　　【正確答案】 合伙企業(yè)未補(bǔ)記前就交付該支票的行為符合規(guī)定。(0.5分)對(duì)于支票的收款人名稱，由于不屬于支票出票時(shí)的絕對(duì)必要記載事項(xiàng)，因此出票人既可以授權(quán)收取支票的相對(duì)人補(bǔ)記，也可以由相對(duì)人再授權(quán)他人補(bǔ)記。(1.5分)(2014年教材P355)

　　【提示】雖然我國(guó)票據(jù)法對(duì)票據(jù)權(quán)利轉(zhuǎn)讓主要承認(rèn)的是“背書轉(zhuǎn)讓”方式，但就支票而言，我國(guó)票據(jù)法依然承認(rèn)轉(zhuǎn)讓背書之外的這種票據(jù)權(quán)利轉(zhuǎn)讓方式，即直接交付方式。

　　2、

　　<1>、

　　【正確答案】 抵押擔(dān)保合法(0.5分)。根據(jù)規(guī)定，標(biāo)的物的所有權(quán)自標(biāo)的物交付時(shí)起轉(zhuǎn)移，但法律另有規(guī)定或者當(dāng)事人另有約定的除外。所以，甲公司擁有該批貨物的所有權(quán)。且甲公司辦理了抵押物登記，該抵押有效。(2014年教材P39)(1分)

　　The mortgage guarantee of Jia is legal. According to the regulations, the title to the subject matter passes at the time of its delivery, except otherwise provided by law or agreed by the parties. Therefore, Company Jia has the ownership of these goods, and it has registered the mortgaged property, so this mortgage is valid.

　　<2>、

　　【正確答案】 不可以轉(zhuǎn)讓。根據(jù)規(guī)定，抵押期間，抵押人未經(jīng)抵押權(quán)人同意，不得轉(zhuǎn)讓抵押財(cái)產(chǎn)，但受讓人代為清償債務(wù)消滅抵押權(quán)的除外。(2014年教材P56)(1分)

　　This transfer contract shall be invalid. According to the regulations, the ownership of the mortgaged property shall not be transferred without the consent of the mortgagee within the mortgage period, unless the assignee debts on behalf of a mortgagor. In this case, Company Jia does not notify the bank when signing the transfer contract, so this transfer contract is invalid.

　　<3>、

　　【正確答案】 ①第一個(gè)理由不成立(0.5分)。根據(jù)規(guī)定，當(dāng)事人在保證合同中對(duì)保證方式?jīng)]有約定或約定不明確的，保證人應(yīng)承擔(dān)連帶責(zé)任保證，故B公司應(yīng)承擔(dān)連帶責(zé)任保證，不享有先訴抗辯權(quán)。(2014年教材P78)(1分)

　　②第二個(gè)理由不成立(0.5分)。根據(jù)規(guī)定，被擔(dān)保的債權(quán)既有物的擔(dān)保又有人的擔(dān)保的，債務(wù)人不履行到期債務(wù)，債權(quán)人應(yīng)當(dāng)按照約定實(shí)現(xiàn)債權(quán);沒有約定或者約定不明確，債務(wù)人自己提供物的擔(dān)保的，債權(quán)人應(yīng)當(dāng)先就該物的擔(dān)保實(shí)現(xiàn)債權(quán);第三人提供物的擔(dān)保的，債權(quán)人可以就物的擔(dān)保實(shí)現(xiàn)債權(quán)，也可以要求保證人承擔(dān)保證責(zé)任。本題中是第三人提供的物保，所以不優(yōu)先執(zhí)行物保。(2014年教材P80)(1.5分)

　�、賂he first reason is untenable. According to the regulations, when there is no arrangement or there is unclear arrangement on the modality of guarantee, the debtor and the guarantor shall assume joint guarantee responsibility. Therefore, Company B shall assume the joint guarantee responsibility, and shall not enjoy prelitigation demur right.

　�、赥he second reason is untenable. According to the regulations, where the guaranteed creditor's rights both involve property security and personal security, the creditor shall realize creditor's rights in accordance with the contract. Where there is no such agreement or the agreement is indefinite in this respect, if the debtor himself provides property as security, the creditor shall have his claim paid with such property first. Where a third party provides property as security, the creditor may either have his claim paid with such property or request the guarantor to undertake the suretyship. In this case, it is the third party that provides property as security, so it cannot perform the security interest first.

　　<4>、

　　【正確答案】 甲公司設(shè)立時(shí)，由C股東擔(dān)任執(zhí)行董事同時(shí)兼任監(jiān)事不合法(0.5分)。根據(jù)規(guī)定，公司的董事、高級(jí)管理人員不得兼任公司監(jiān)事。(2014年教材P158)(0.5分)

　　The shareholder C serves as an executive director and a supervisor as well when the company is established, which is not legal. According to the regulations, directors and senior managers shall not serve as supervisors.

　　<5>、

　　【正確答案】 丁公司以甲公司為被告提起訴訟可以得到法院支持(0.5分)。根據(jù)規(guī)定，發(fā)起人為設(shè)立公司以自己名義對(duì)外簽訂合同，公司成立后，對(duì)以發(fā)起人名義訂立的合同予以確認(rèn)，或者已經(jīng)實(shí)際享有合同權(quán)利或者履行合同義務(wù)，合同相對(duì)人請(qǐng)求公司承擔(dān)合同責(zé)任的，人民法院應(yīng)予支持。(2014年教材P154)(1分)

　　Company Ding’s lawsuit with Company Jia as the defendant can get the court’s support. According to the regulations, the initiator, in order to establish the company, signs the contract in its own name. After the establishment of the company, the company shall confirm the contract with the name of the initiator, or the company has already enjoyed the rights practically or performed its obligations, and the counterpart of the contract requests the company to undertake the responsibility in the contract, the people’s court shall uphold such requests.

　　<6>、

　　【正確答案】 E股東提議召開臨時(shí)股東會(huì)合法(0.5分)。根據(jù)規(guī)定，有限責(zé)任公司中，經(jīng)代表公司1/10以上表決權(quán)的股東、1/3以上的董事、監(jiān)事會(huì)或者不設(shè)監(jiān)事會(huì)的公司的監(jiān)事提議可以召開臨時(shí)股東會(huì)。本題中E股東持有公司1/3的股權(quán)，有權(quán)提議召開臨時(shí)股東會(huì)。(2014年教材P168)(1分)

　　The shareholder E proposes for interim meetings of shareholders’ committee, which is legal. According to the regulations, in a limited liability company, the shareholders with more than 1/10 of the shares, and more than one third of the directors, supervisors can propose for interim meetings of shareholders’ committee. In this case, the shareholder E holds 1/10 of the shares in the company, so he has the right to propose for a temporary shareholder meeting.

　　<7>、

　　【正確答案】 損失應(yīng)由D股東賠償(0.5分)。根據(jù)規(guī)定，公司董事、高級(jí)管理人員不得違反公司章程的規(guī)定，未經(jīng)股東會(huì)、股東大會(huì)或者董事會(huì)同意，將公司資金借貸給他人或者以公司財(cái)產(chǎn)為他人提供擔(dān)保。董事、高級(jí)管理人員違反前款規(guī)定所得的收入應(yīng)當(dāng)歸公司所有。本題中D股東的行為違反了該規(guī)定，由此給公司造成損失，應(yīng)對(duì)公司承擔(dān)賠償責(zé)任。(2014年教材P174)(1分)

　　The losses should be paid by the shareholder D.According to the regulations, the directors and senior managers shall not violate the provisions of the articles of association to loan company funds to other people or to provide the guaranty to others, without the consents of shareholder meeting or the board of directors. All earnings derived by the directors or senior managers in violation of the provisions in the preceding paragraph shall be returned to the company. In this case, the shareholder D violates the provisions, and causes the losses to the company. Therefore, he should bear the responsibility for the compensation.

　　<8>、

　　【正確答案】 E股東可以直接提起訴訟(0.5分)。根據(jù)規(guī)定，公司董事、高級(jí)管理人員執(zhí)行公司職務(wù)時(shí)違反法律、行政法規(guī)或者公司章程的規(guī)定，給公司造成損失的，有限責(zé)任公司的股東可以通過監(jiān)事會(huì)提起訴訟;監(jiān)事會(huì)不履行職責(zé)的，股東可以直接提起訴訟。(2014年教材P147)(1分)

　　The shareholder E can bring a lawsuit directly. According to the regulations, where the directors and senior managers violate laws, administrative regulations or the articles of association when performing their duties, and thus cause the losses to the company, the shareholders of the limited liability company may file a lawsuit by the board of supervisors. If the board of supervisors does not perform the duties, the shareholder may directly file a lawsuit.

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