第十四篇

　　14 Study the following table carefully and write an essay in which you should:

　　1. describe the table;

　　2. suggest possible solutions to the problem of the heavy burden of university tuition in China.

　　You should write 160~200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.

　　國家大學年平均學費國民人均年收入比值美國4，700美元35，000美元1/8英國1，500英鎊15，000英鎊1/10中國7，500元7，500元1在審題的環節中，我們應當將讀圖表(圖畫)和看提綱有機地結合起來。有的時候，提綱中會把文章的主題直接給出來，這時我們文章的整體布局就會容易得多。在這道題的提綱中，就出現了“中國大學學費負擔沉重的問題”的字樣，這就是該文的主題，我們的文章應該圍繞它展開。From the above table we can see that in America and Britain the ratio of average annual tuition of universities to gross national income per capita is about 1 to 10, but astonishingly that in China is 1. That is to say, the burden of university tuition on Chinese families is nearly ten times heavier than that on American or British families. As a matter of fact, most Chinese families feel it difficult to afford the high tuition of their children, and some absolutely cannot afford it, which has received more and more concern from all over the country.

　　In order to solve this problem, I strongly suggest the following solutions. First and foremost, it is a must to reduce the cost of higher education. We need to cut down the staff in universities, most of whom now have a disproportionately large number of administrators. The now widespread corruption should also be eliminated in universities, such as unnecessary tours and banquets at public expense. Moreover, much importance should be attached to the reform of management system of higher education. The national government should not only increase financial investment in higher education but also optimize the distribution of such money.

　　To sum up, it is high time to pay enough attention to the problem of the heavy burden of university tuition in our country, and to solve it a comprehensive educational reform is essential.該文共分三段，第一段描述表格，第二段給出解決辦法，第三段總結。

　　第一段是對表格進行描述——這時我們不一定要把每個數據都描述出來，而是要抓住問題的關鍵。這個表格的關鍵就是體現我國大學學費太高，依據就是學費與國民人均年收入之比。美國與英國處于差不多的水平，所以放在一起說就可以了。該段共分三句話，第一句將比例描述出來，第二句作出比較——中國家庭負擔的大學學費是英美國家的十倍之多。第三句進一步說明我國大部分家庭感覺負擔較重，有些家庭根本就負擔不起。

　　第二段提出解決辦法，第一句是模板句，之后分兩方面來說。第一方面說的是減少高等教育的成本，分為兩個方面，一是減員增效，二是消除腐敗。第二方面說的是高教管理體制的改革。國家應加強高等教育的投資，并合理配置這些資金。

　　最后一段是總結，說解決大學學費成為沉重負擔問題正值其時，全面改革勢在必行。提綱中如果出現文章主題，一定要把握住，這直接決定了文章的謀篇布局。

　　描述圖表時不一定要面面俱到，只要抓住重點即可。

　　寫原因或解決辦法的段落時條理一定要清楚，一般分為三點(也有兩點或四點的情況)，不一定是權威的解釋，我們并非是專門研究該問題的專家，閱卷老師也不會太苛求，只要符合情理即可。關鍵是語言表達一定要準確，如果要拿高分就一定要有出彩的地方。