第十五篇

　　15 Study the following reportage carefully and write an essay in which you should:

　　1. interpret the reportage;

　　2. point out the reasons for the problem；

　　3. suggest possible ways to solve the problem.

　　You should write 160~200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.

　　本報記者報道自20世紀70年代末以來，中國的離婚率持續(xù)上升。離婚水平已超過鄰國日本和韓國，與新加坡同屬亞洲離婚率較高的國家。這是近日中國社會科學院人口學專家唐燦發(fā)布的調(diào)研報告中指出的。這份報告還寫到，據(jù)2003年北京市統(tǒng)計年鑒公布的數(shù)據(jù)，2002年北京市的離婚總數(shù)為38756對，當年戶籍人口為1136.3萬，粗離婚率達到6.82‰；當年的結(jié)婚對數(shù)為76136對，由此計算離結(jié)率高達50.90%。也就是說，這一年平均不到兩對夫妻結(jié)婚就有一對夫妻離婚，北京市的離婚率已經(jīng)成為全國最高。這是一道相當特殊的題目，是就一段漢語的新聞報道命題，提綱卻是傳統(tǒng)的模式。這類題目出現(xiàn)的比率不大，我們在本書中穿插了個別這樣的題目主要是為了拓展大家的視野，而且這類題目所涉及的主題也是非常重要的，很有可能以圖畫題或圖表題等主流形式考查到。According to the above news report, the divorce rate in China keeps increasing since 1970�餾, and now is higher than that in Japan and Korea. It was also reported that the ratio of divorced couples to married couples reached 1 to 2 in 2002 in Beijing.

　　From my point of view, the problem of high divorce rate in our country can be analyzed from three perspectives. To begin with, owing to economic development and women�餾 liberation, the traditional family mode has changed greatly. Now in most cases the two parties of a marriage are psychologically and economically independent. Second, because of the higher living standard and one�瞔hild policy, many young people have shaped a self�瞔entered personality, which is liable to result in lack of mutual care and understanding. Third, when all the social members become more and more open�瞞inded, people are less restricted to the traditional conception of marriage. Third parties, extramarital love and online marriage all pose great threats to the legal marriage.

　　As we all know, healthy marriages are beneficial not only to the couples themselves, but also to the growth of the children and to the stability of the whole society. Therefore, it is worthwhile to make efforts to reduce the divorce rate. Before they get married, young couples should be emotionally and psychologically well prepared for all possible conditions and changes in marriage. Furthermore, school and family education should help enhance the sense of responsibi�瞝ity, which is not only the key to a healthy marriage but also to a successful career.文章共分三段。第一段是將新聞報道中最重要的信息提煉出來，這是看大家的基本功是否扎實。第二段給出了該現(xiàn)象的原因。第三段是解決問題的辦法。

　　第一段共有兩句話，第一句話說國內(nèi)的離婚率一路攀升，已超過了日本和韓國。第二句話說北京的離結(jié)率已高達1∶2。

　　第二段是寫原因的段落，共分三個方面來寫。第一點寫傳統(tǒng)家庭模式的巨大變化。第二點寫年輕人以自我為中心的人格特征，容易導致相互關愛與理解的缺失。第三點說人們的傳統(tǒng)婚姻家庭觀念的松動。

　　第三段寫解決辦法。先說健康的婚姻對夫妻、孩子和社會均有益，推導出減少離婚率是很有意義的事。首先說年輕人應在結(jié)婚時做好準備，以應對婚姻中的各種情形及變化。另外，學校和家庭教育應著重加強他們的責任感，這對婚姻和事業(yè)都是大有益處的。 該文是特殊的出題方式，考試中遇到特殊的形式，也不必慌亂，一定要看清楚具體的要求，這樣就可以有的放矢了。看到熟悉的方式甚至題目，也不要過于欣喜，一定要把優(yōu)勢轉(zhuǎn)化成勝勢。

　　該文有許多好的語言點值得學習。

　　首段的news report相當于提綱中的reportage，意思是“新聞報道”。

　　次段首句的perspective意思是“角度”。第四句的one�瞔hild policy表示計劃生育的“獨生子女政策”，self�瞔entered personality表示“以自我為中心的個性”，mutual care and understanding表示“相互關愛和理解”。第五句中的open�瞞inded表示“思想開明的”。第六句中的pose great threats to表示“對……構(gòu)成重大威脅”。

　　第三段中的enhance the sense of responsibility表示“加強責任感”。