虛擬語氣

　　歷次考題的高頻考點，請務必熟練掌握

　　帶有if條件句的虛擬語氣句

　　if句的謂語形式 主句謂語形式

　　對過去假設 had done would have done

　　對現在假設 一般過去式 would+動詞原形

　　(be 用were)

　　對將來假設 一般過去式 would+動詞原形

　　were to + 動詞原形

　　should +動詞原形

　　wish引導的賓從

　　現在的情況 過去式

　　過去的情況 had+過去分詞/

　　could have done

　　將來的情況 would/could+動詞原形

　　He wishes that he had studied hard in university.

　　I wish I could pass the exam tomorrow.

　　would rather that

　　現在將來的情況 用過去式

　　過去的情況 用had+過去分詞

　　I would rather that you didn’t tell me the answer now.

　　I would rather that you didn’t go there tomorrow.

　　I would rather that you hadn’t been involved in the accident last month.

　　It’s (about/almost/high) time that …

　　從句用一般過去式

　　It’s time that you went to bed.

　　it’s time that class began.

　　if條件句,可以省略if,助動詞were, had, should 要前置，形成倒裝語序。

　　Had her father a lot of money, he would send her abroad.

　　Were it rainy, we would buy an umbrella.

　　Should the Black Death (黑死病) reappear, what should we do?

　　“Were it not for/Had it not been for+賓語” 表示假設條件。

　　a.Were it not for their assistance, we couldn’t have

　　got over the difficulties.

　　b. Had it not been for your help, we wouldn’t have been able to pass the exam.

　　as if (as though) 引導的比較狀語從句中謂語動詞一 般用were / had+過去分詞表虛擬。

　　He speaks English so well as if he were English.

　　She looked as if she had succeeded.

　　常見的引導賓語從句須用虛擬語氣的動詞

　　advise, desire, maintain, command, demand, direct(命令), insist, order, prefer, propose, request, require, resolve, suggest, urge，recommend 等

　　常見的引導同位語從句或表語從句須用虛擬語氣的名詞

　　advice, command, desire, order, demand, recommendation, suggestion, insistence, proposal, request, requirement等;

　　用在主語從句中時其結構通常為“It is/was + 形容詞或過去分詞+主語從句(用虛擬語氣)”

　　常見的這類形容詞、分詞還有：advisable(合理的), necessary, urgent(緊急的), appropriate(合適的), compulsory(強制的), crucial(緊要關頭的)，desirable(理想的), essential(必要的), important(重要的), natural(自然的), proper，preferable(更好的), strange, vital(至關重要的), demanded(要求的), required(要求的), suggested(建議的), desired(希望的)等。